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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Narrative Review Respiratory Conditions

Integrative Review of Antiviral Effects of Korean Medicine Respiratory Prescriptions

Yang KS, Kim HJ, Liu P, et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology (2024)

42 studies Reviewed papers
3 types Target viruses
High Evidence accumulation

Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions have multimechanistic antiviral effects and can be utilized for respiratory infection management.

View Source 2024
Narrative Review Respiratory Conditions

Integrative Review of Antiviral Effects of Korean Medicine Respiratory Prescriptions

Yang KS, Kim HJ, Liu P, et al. Frontiers in Pharmacology (2024)
42 studies Reviewed papers
3 types Target viruses
High Evidence accumulation

Summary

An integrative review of basic and clinical research on antiviral mechanisms of Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions (Socheongryong-tang, Eungyo-san, Mahaenggamseok-tang, etc.). Diverse mechanisms against influenza, RSV, and coronaviruses were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions have multimechanistic antiviral effects and can be utilized for respiratory infection management.

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Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Immune Modulation Effect of Moxibustion in Asthma Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Cho YH, Lee JB, et al.

Immunological Investigations (2023)

40 patients Participants
28% IgE reduction
8 weeks Treatment duration

Moxibustion may contribute to correcting immune imbalance in asthma patients.

View Source 2023
Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Immune Modulation Effect of Moxibustion in Asthma Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Cho YH, Lee JB, et al. Immunological Investigations (2023)
40 patients Participants
28% IgE reduction
8 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Moxibustion at ST36, BL13, and other points was performed for 8 weeks on 40 patients with mild asthma, and serum IgE, Th1/Th2 ratio, and pulmonary function were measured. After moxibustion, IgE reduction and Th1/Th2 ratio normalization were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Moxibustion may contribute to correcting immune imbalance in asthma patients.

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Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Association Between Sputum Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation in Chronic Bronchitis Patients

Im GJ, Park SH, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)

180 patients Analysis population
4 types Pattern types
p<0.05 Phlegm-heat association

Korean medicine pattern differentiation reflects airway inflammation characteristics of chronic bronchitis and is useful for personalized treatment.

View Source 2021
Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Association Between Sputum Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation in Chronic Bronchitis Patients

Im GJ, Park SH, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)
180 patients Analysis population
4 types Pattern types
p<0.05 Phlegm-heat association

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing sputum cytological characteristics (neutrophil, eosinophil proportions) and Korean medicine pattern differentiation in 180 chronic bronchitis patients. Neutrophil proportion was significantly higher in the phlegm-heat pattern.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern differentiation reflects airway inflammation characteristics of chronic bronchitis and is useful for personalized treatment.

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RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Tai Chi and Herbal Medicine in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COPD Patients: An RCT

Seo DH, Kim BJ, Nguyen HT, et al.

Respiratory Research (2024)

120 patients Participants
3-arm comparison Study design
12 weeks Treatment duration

Combination of Tai Chi and herbal medicine shows synergistic effects in COPD pulmonary rehabilitation.

View Source 2024
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Tai Chi and Herbal Medicine in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COPD Patients: An RCT

Seo DH, Kim BJ, Nguyen HT, et al. Respiratory Research (2024)
120 patients Participants
3-arm comparison Study design
12 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

One hundred twenty COPD patients were randomly assigned to Tai Chi plus herbal medicine, Tai Chi alone, or control groups and compared over 12 weeks. The Tai Chi plus herbal medicine group showed the greatest improvements in FEV1, 6-minute walk distance, and CAT scores.

Key Conclusion

Combination of Tai Chi and herbal medicine shows synergistic effects in COPD pulmonary rehabilitation.

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Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Correlation Between Korean Medicine Pattern Types and Cough Causes in Chronic Cough Patients

Kwon MJ, Han BS, et al.

Lung (2023)

250 patients Analysis population
5 types Pattern types
p<0.01 Significant association

Korean medicine pattern differentiation provides complementary information for differential diagnosis of chronic cough causes.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Correlation Between Korean Medicine Pattern Types and Cough Causes in Chronic Cough Patients

Kwon MJ, Han BS, et al. Lung (2023)
250 patients Analysis population
5 types Pattern types
p<0.01 Significant association

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing correlations between Korean medicine pattern types and Western medical causes of cough (UACS, CVA, GERD, etc.) in 250 patients with chronic cough. Wind-cold pattern showed significant association with UACS, and yin-deficiency pattern with CVA.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern differentiation provides complementary information for differential diagnosis of chronic cough causes.

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RCT Respiratory Conditions

Steroid-Reducing Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Pediatric Asthma: An RCT

Lee KH, Chung YJ, et al.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2025)

80 patients Participants
65% vs 35% Reduction success rate
24 weeks Observation period

Herbal medicine combination may contribute to inhaled steroid reduction in pediatric asthma patients.

View Source 2025
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Steroid-Reducing Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Pediatric Asthma: An RCT

Lee KH, Chung YJ, et al. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2025)
80 patients Participants
65% vs 35% Reduction success rate
24 weeks Observation period

Summary

Eighty pediatric asthma patients using inhaled steroids were randomly assigned to an herbal medicine combination group or placebo combination group, and steroid reduction was attempted over 24 weeks. The herbal medicine group had a significantly higher steroid reduction success rate.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine combination may contribute to inhaled steroid reduction in pediatric asthma patients.

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Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment for Post-COVID-19 Dyspnea: A Pre-Post Comparison

Baek MH, Song JS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)

50 patients Participants
72% Dyspnea improvement
8 weeks Treatment duration

Korean medicine treatment promotes recovery of post-COVID-19 dyspnea.

View Source 2022
Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment for Post-COVID-19 Dyspnea: A Pre-Post Comparison

Baek MH, Song JS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)
50 patients Participants
72% Dyspnea improvement
8 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Modified Bopye-tang and acupuncture were performed for 8 weeks on 50 patients with dyspnea persisting more than 3 months after COVID-19. mMRC scores, 6-minute walk distance, and SpO2 significantly improved.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment promotes recovery of post-COVID-19 dyspnea.

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Meta-Analysis Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Herbal Medicine-Acupuncture Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis: A Meta-Analysis

Kim YK, Oh SE, Yamamoto T, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

12 studies Included studies
980 patients Total participants
SMD -0.76 Effect size

Combined herbal medicine-acupuncture treatment is superior to drug monotherapy in alleviating chronic bronchitis symptoms.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Herbal Medicine-Acupuncture Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis: A Meta-Analysis

Kim YK, Oh SE, Yamamoto T, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
12 studies Included studies
980 patients Total participants
SMD -0.76 Effect size

Summary

Twelve RCTs (total 980 patients) evaluating combined herbal medicine-acupuncture treatment for chronic bronchitis were meta-analyzed. The combination treatment group showed significant improvements in cough scores, sputum volume, and FEV1.

Key Conclusion

Combined herbal medicine-acupuncture treatment is superior to drug monotherapy in alleviating chronic bronchitis symptoms.

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Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Herbal Medicine Preventive Treatment on COPD Acute Exacerbation Frequency: A 2-Year Cohort

Yoo BK, Min SH, Park KS, et al.

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2023)

200 patients Participants
38% Exacerbation reduction
2 years Follow-up period

Herbal medicine preventive treatment combination is effective in reducing acute exacerbation frequency in COPD patients.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Herbal Medicine Preventive Treatment on COPD Acute Exacerbation Frequency: A 2-Year Cohort

Yoo BK, Min SH, Park KS, et al. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2023)
200 patients Participants
38% Exacerbation reduction
2 years Follow-up period

Summary

Two hundred COPD patients were divided into a herbal medicine preventive treatment combination group and a standard treatment group, and acute exacerbation frequency was followed for 2 years. The herbal medicine combination group had significantly lower annual acute exacerbation frequency.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine preventive treatment combination is effective in reducing acute exacerbation frequency in COPD patients.

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RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Maekmundong-tang for Post-Cold Chronic Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Han JK, Lee GH, et al.

Chest (2024)

100 patients Participants
Non-inferiority confirmed Primary outcome
4 weeks Treatment duration

Maekmundong-tang shows efficacy equivalent to codeine in managing post-cold chronic cough with fewer side effects.

View Source 2024
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Maekmundong-tang for Post-Cold Chronic Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Han JK, Lee GH, et al. Chest (2024)
100 patients Participants
Non-inferiority confirmed Primary outcome
4 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

One hundred patients with chronic cough lasting more than 8 weeks after a cold were randomly assigned to a Maekmundong-tang or codeine group and compared over 4 weeks. Cough frequency reduction in the Maekmundong-tang group was equivalent to codeine, with significantly fewer drowsiness side effects.

Key Conclusion

Maekmundong-tang shows efficacy equivalent to codeine in managing post-cold chronic cough with fewer side effects.

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Systematic Review Respiratory Conditions

Airway Inflammation-Modulating Effects of Acupuncture in Asthma Patients: A Systematic Review

Shin YS, Kim AY, Chen H, et al.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research (2023)

18 studies Included studies
12 studies Positive results
Moderate Evidence level

Acupuncture can be utilized as adjunctive therapy for airway inflammation modulation in asthma, though additional research is needed.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Respiratory Conditions

Airway Inflammation-Modulating Effects of Acupuncture in Asthma Patients: A Systematic Review

Shin YS, Kim AY, Chen H, et al. Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research (2023)
18 studies Included studies
12 studies Positive results
Moderate Evidence level

Summary

Eighteen studies evaluating airway inflammation-modulating effects of acupuncture in asthma patients were systematically reviewed. Decreasing trends in eosinophil counts, FeNO, and IgE were reported in the acupuncture group.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture can be utilized as adjunctive therapy for airway inflammation modulation in asthma, though additional research is needed.

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Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Anti-Inflammatory and Antipyretic Effects of Eungyo-san for Acute Bronchitis: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Jung MH, Yoo SH, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)

60 patients Participants
82% Symptom improvement rate
5 days Treatment duration

Eungyo-san is effective for rapid symptom relief in acute bronchitis.

View Source 2022
Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Anti-Inflammatory and Antipyretic Effects of Eungyo-san for Acute Bronchitis: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Jung MH, Yoo SH, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)
60 patients Participants
82% Symptom improvement rate
5 days Treatment duration

Summary

Eungyo-san was administered for 5 days to 60 patients with acute bronchitis, and body temperature, CRP, cough frequency, and sputum volume were evaluated. Symptoms significantly improved from day 3 of treatment.

Key Conclusion

Eungyo-san is effective for rapid symptom relief in acute bronchitis.

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