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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 93 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Meta-Analysis ENT Disorders

Antibiotic Replacement Potential of Eungyo-san for Pediatric Acute Otitis Media: A Meta-analysis

Woo JH, Kang HW, Cha YY, et al.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (2024)

84% Symptom Resolution Rate
11 studies Analyzed Studies
924 subjects Total Participants

Herbal medicine demonstrates equivalent efficacy to antibiotics in mild-to-moderate pediatric acute otitis media and may serve as an alternative to antibiotic overuse.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis ENT Disorders

Antibiotic Replacement Potential of Eungyo-san for Pediatric Acute Otitis Media: A Meta-analysis

Woo JH, Kang HW, Cha YY, et al. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (2024)
84% Symptom Resolution Rate
11 studies Analyzed Studies
924 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Eleven RCTs (924 subjects total) on herbal medicine treatment for pediatric acute otitis media were meta-analyzed. The herbal medicine (Eungyo-san, Hyungaeyongyo-tang, etc.) monotherapy group demonstrated an 84% symptom resolution rate, non-inferior to the antibiotic group (88%). Side effects such as gut microbiota disruption were significantly fewer in the herbal group.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine demonstrates equivalent efficacy to antibiotics in mild-to-moderate pediatric acute otitis media and may serve as an alternative to antibiotic overuse.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Long COVID Olfactory Disorder: A Case Report of 8 Cases

김주현, 박다은, 이정빈, et al.

대한침구의학회지 (2024)

62% UPSIT score improvement
8 patients Number of cases
75% Normal recovery rate

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine promotes recovery of long COVID olfactory disorder and can be utilized as complementary treatment for olfactory rehabilitation.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Long COVID Olfactory Disorder: A Case Report of 8 Cases

김주현, 박다은, 이정빈, et al. 대한침구의학회지 (2024)
62% UPSIT score improvement
8 patients Number of cases
75% Normal recovery rate

Summary

A case report combining acupuncture at LI20, Bitong, LI4 with modified Bojungikgi-tang for 10 weeks in 8 patients with olfactory decline/anosmia persisting more than 3 months after COVID-19 infection. UPSIT (olfactory test) scores improved by an average of 62% compared to before treatment, with 6 patients showing recovery within normal range.

Key Conclusion

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine promotes recovery of long COVID olfactory disorder and can be utilized as complementary treatment for olfactory rehabilitation.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Modified Bojungikgi-tang Administration on Daytime Sleepiness in Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cohort Study

Sohn DW, Park YC, Kim CH, et al.

Sleep and Breathing (2024)

5.6 points ESS Reduction
72 subjects Participants
8 weeks Treatment Period

Adjunctive modified Bojungikgi-tang enhances CPAP treatment effects in sleep apnea patients and improves daytime fatigue.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Modified Bojungikgi-tang Administration on Daytime Sleepiness in Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cohort Study

Sohn DW, Park YC, Kim CH, et al. Sleep and Breathing (2024)
5.6 points ESS Reduction
72 subjects Participants
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Seventy-two patients with moderate sleep apnea received combined CPAP therapy and modified Bojungikgi-tang for 8 weeks, with ESS and FOSQ measured. The combination group demonstrated an average 5.6-point reduction in ESS, significantly improved compared with CPAP monotherapy (3.2 points), with also enhanced daytime functional status (FOSQ).

Key Conclusion

Adjunctive modified Bojungikgi-tang enhances CPAP treatment effects in sleep apnea patients and improves daytime fatigue.

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RCT ENT Disorders

Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Postnasal Drip Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yim YK, Kim JS, Won JH, et al.

Clinical Otolaryngology (2023)

62% Postnasal Drip VAS Reduction
88 subjects Participants
6 weeks Treatment Period

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine demonstrates superior efficacy over antihistamines for symptom alleviation in postnasal drip syndrome.

View Source 2023
RCT ENT Disorders

Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Postnasal Drip Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yim YK, Kim JS, Won JH, et al. Clinical Otolaryngology (2023)
62% Postnasal Drip VAS Reduction
88 subjects Participants
6 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Eighty-eight patients with postnasal drip syndrome were assigned to acupuncture plus modified Changija-san or antihistamine groups for 6 weeks of treatment. The Korean medicine treatment group demonstrated a 62% reduction in postnasal drip VAS, significantly superior to the medication group (44%), with greater reduction in cough frequency.

Key Conclusion

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine demonstrates superior efficacy over antihistamines for symptom alleviation in postnasal drip syndrome.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Integrated Nasal Irrigation and Herbal Medicine Management Program for Allergic Rhinitis Patients: A Cohort Study

이지안, 김상혁, 박현진, et al.

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology (2023)

56% RQLQ improvement rate
106 patients Study population
16 weeks Program duration

Korean medicine integrated management program comprehensively improves quality of life in chronic allergic rhinitis patients and has the effect of reducing drug dependence.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Integrated Nasal Irrigation and Herbal Medicine Management Program for Allergic Rhinitis Patients: A Cohort Study

이지안, 김상혁, 박현진, et al. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology (2023)
56% RQLQ improvement rate
106 patients Study population
16 weeks Program duration

Summary

A prospective cohort study performing 16-week integrated management program including nasal irrigation, Socheongryong-tang, and acupuncture in 106 patients with allergic rhinitis of 3 years or more duration. RQLQ (rhinitis quality of life) scores improved by an average of 56%, with reduced antihistamine use frequency.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine integrated management program comprehensively improves quality of life in chronic allergic rhinitis patients and has the effect of reducing drug dependence.

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RCT ENT Disorders

Therapeutic Effect of Gamchosashim-tang for Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yang SB, Kim KS, Park MC, et al.

Oral Diseases (2024)

3.2 days Healing Time Reduction
3.8→1.4 Recurrence Frequency
96 subjects Participants

Gamchosashim-tang demonstrates significant efficacy compared with placebo in healing promotion and recurrence prevention of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

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RCT ENT Disorders

Therapeutic Effect of Gamchosashim-tang for Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yang SB, Kim KS, Park MC, et al. Oral Diseases (2024)
3.2 days Healing Time Reduction
3.8→1.4 Recurrence Frequency
96 subjects Participants

Summary

Ninety-six patients with aphthous stomatitis recurring at least once monthly were assigned to Gamchosashim-tang or placebo groups and treated for 12 weeks. The herbal group demonstrated ulcer healing time shortened by an average of 3.2 days, with recurrence frequency over 12 weeks decreasing from 3.8 to 1.4 episodes.

Key Conclusion

Gamchosashim-tang demonstrates significant efficacy compared with placebo in healing promotion and recurrence prevention of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Therapeutic Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Taste Disorders: A Case Series of 12

Hwang EH, Song HS, Choi JB, et al.

대한침구의학회지 (2023)

2.3 grades Taste Threshold Improvement
4.1→7.3 Taste VAS
12 cases Case Number

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine significantly improves taste thresholds and subjective taste function in taste disorder patients.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Therapeutic Effect of Combined Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine for Taste Disorders: A Case Series of 12

Hwang EH, Song HS, Choi JB, et al. 대한침구의학회지 (2023)
2.3 grades Taste Threshold Improvement
4.1→7.3 Taste VAS
12 cases Case Number

Summary

Twelve patients with taste disorders persisting more than 3 months received combined acupuncture at Lianquan (CV23) and Jinjin Yuye (EX-HN12) plus Jaeumganghwa-tang for 8 weeks. Taste threshold tests showed an average 2.3-grade improvement in whole-taste recognition thresholds, with self-reported taste function VAS improving from 4.1 to 7.3.

Key Conclusion

Combined acupuncture and herbal medicine significantly improves taste thresholds and subjective taste function in taste disorder patients.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Modified Soshiho-tang for Recurrent Tonsillitis: A Cohort Study

Ryu BH, Lee SG, Jang IS, et al.

Phytomedicine (2024)

4.8→1.6 Annual Recurrence
67 subjects Participants
1 year Follow-up Period

Modified Soshiho-tang significantly reduces recurrence frequency and decreases tonsil size in recurrent tonsillitis.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Effect of Modified Soshiho-tang for Recurrent Tonsillitis: A Cohort Study

Ryu BH, Lee SG, Jang IS, et al. Phytomedicine (2024)
4.8→1.6 Annual Recurrence
67 subjects Participants
1 year Follow-up Period

Summary

Sixty-seven patients with tonsillitis recurring 4 or more times annually received modified Soshiho-tang for 12 weeks and were followed for 1 year. Average annual recurrence frequency decreased from 4.8 to 1.6 episodes after treatment, with tonsillar hypertrophy grade improving by an average of 0.8 stages.

Key Conclusion

Modified Soshiho-tang significantly reduces recurrence frequency and decreases tonsil size in recurrent tonsillitis.

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Cross-Sectional ENT Disorders

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Lonicera-Glycyrrhiza Combination Herbal Medicine for Sore Throat: A Cross-Sectional Study

박태영, 김민지, 이찬호, et al.

대한본초학회지 (2024)

5.2 points Sore throat VAS reduction
134 patients Study population
24 hours Effect onset time

Lonicera-Glycyrrhiza combination herbal medicine shows rapid anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on acute sore throat and can be utilized as complementary treatment at the primary care level.

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Cross-Sectional ENT Disorders

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Lonicera-Glycyrrhiza Combination Herbal Medicine for Sore Throat: A Cross-Sectional Study

박태영, 김민지, 이찬호, et al. 대한본초학회지 (2024)
5.2 points Sore throat VAS reduction
134 patients Study population
24 hours Effect onset time

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing symptom changes after administration of Lonicera-Glycyrrhiza combination herbal medicine in 134 patients with acute sore throat. Sore throat VAS decreased by an average of 5.2 points within 24 hours after administration, with significant improvements in odynophagia and erythema findings.

Key Conclusion

Lonicera-Glycyrrhiza combination herbal medicine shows rapid anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on acute sore throat and can be utilized as complementary treatment at the primary care level.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Long-Term Effects of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy (Herbal Medicine, Acupuncture, Fumigation) for Chronic Sinusitis: A Cohort Study

박소영, 김재원, 정은지, et al.

대한한방내과학회지 (2023)

48% SNOT-22 improvement rate
98 patients Study population
72% Effect maintenance at 6 months

Korean medicine combination therapy is effective for long-term symptom management of chronic sinusitis and may contribute to recurrence reduction.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Long-Term Effects of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy (Herbal Medicine, Acupuncture, Fumigation) for Chronic Sinusitis: A Cohort Study

박소영, 김재원, 정은지, et al. 대한한방내과학회지 (2023)
48% SNOT-22 improvement rate
98 patients Study population
72% Effect maintenance at 6 months

Summary

A cohort study performing 12 weeks of herbal medicine (modified Changi-san), acupuncture, and Korean medicine fumigation in 98 patients with chronic sinusitis of 1 year or more duration, with 6-month follow-up. SNOT-22 scores improved by average 48% at treatment end, and 72% of improvement was maintained at 6 months.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combination therapy is effective for long-term symptom management of chronic sinusitis and may contribute to recurrence reduction.

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Before-After ENT Disorders

Effect of Imyeongumheo-tang Administration for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Prevention: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Kim TH, Jung SY, Bae HS, et al.

대한한방이비인후피부과학회지 (2024)

7.2 dB Hearing Threshold Improvement
34%→19% Tinnitus Comorbidity Reduction
58 subjects Participants

Imyeongumheo-tang may contribute to delaying the progression of noise-induced hearing loss and reducing accompanying tinnitus occurrence.

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Before-After ENT Disorders

Effect of Imyeongumheo-tang Administration for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Prevention: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Kim TH, Jung SY, Bae HS, et al. 대한한방이비인후피부과학회지 (2024)
7.2 dB Hearing Threshold Improvement
34%→19% Tinnitus Comorbidity Reduction
58 subjects Participants

Summary

Fifty-eight workers in noise-exposed environments received Imyeongumheo-tang for 12 weeks, with pre- and post-treatment pure tone audiometry compared. Hearing thresholds improved by an average of 7.2 dB in high-frequency ranges (4 kHz, 8 kHz), and the rate of accompanying tinnitus decreased from 34% to 19%.

Key Conclusion

Imyeongumheo-tang may contribute to delaying the progression of noise-induced hearing loss and reducing accompanying tinnitus occurrence.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Personalized Herbal Treatment Case Series for Allergic Rhinitis in Soyangin Constitution

Heo J, Ahn HY, Shin YC, et al.

Explore (2022)

15 cases Number of Cases
TNSS 58% reduction Nasal Symptom Improvement
12 weeks Treatment Period

Soyangin constitution-tailored herbal prescriptions are an effective approach for managing allergic rhinitis symptoms.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Personalized Herbal Treatment Case Series for Allergic Rhinitis in Soyangin Constitution

Heo J, Ahn HY, Shin YC, et al. Explore (2022)
15 cases Number of Cases
TNSS 58% reduction Nasal Symptom Improvement
12 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Fifteen patients with allergic rhinitis diagnosed as Soyangin constitution received constitution-tailored herbal medicine, and symptom changes were observed for 12 weeks. Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) and nasal endoscopy findings showed overall improvement.

Key Conclusion

Soyangin constitution-tailored herbal prescriptions are an effective approach for managing allergic rhinitis symptoms.

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