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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 44 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture for lateral epicondylitis

Trinh KV, Phillips SD, Ho E, et al.

Rheumatology (2004)

73% Pain Improvement Rate
6 Studies Studies Included
2 Weeks Time to Meaningful Improvement

Acupuncture is effective for short-term pain relief in lateral epicondylitis, and synergistic effects can be expected when combined with conventional conservative care, making it a viable component of an integrated treatment strategy.

View Source 2004
Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture for lateral epicondylitis

Trinh KV, Phillips SD, Ho E, et al. Rheumatology (2004)
73% Pain Improvement Rate
6 Studies Studies Included
2 Weeks Time to Meaningful Improvement

Summary

A meta-analysis of 6 RCTs (total 282 participants) showed acupuncture provided significant short-term pain relief for lateral epicondylitis compared to sham acupuncture. Pain improvement was notable at 2 weeks, with positive effects on grip strength recovery.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture is effective for short-term pain relief in lateral epicondylitis, and synergistic effects can be expected when combined with conventional conservative care, making it a viable component of an integrated treatment strategy.

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Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Effect of bee-venom pharmacopuncture on elbow tendinopathy: a prospective clinical study

Park JA, Shin HK, Kim YS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation (2021)

71% Pain Improvement Rate
35% Grip Strength Improvement
8 Weeks Treatment Duration

Bee-venom pharmacopuncture is effective for pain relief and functional recovery in elbow tendinopathy, with superior long-term prognosis compared to steroid injection, and can be considered a first-line treatment option for chronic elbow pain.

View Source 2021
Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Effect of bee-venom pharmacopuncture on elbow tendinopathy: a prospective clinical study

Park JA, Shin HK, Kim YS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation (2021)
71% Pain Improvement Rate
35% Grip Strength Improvement
8 Weeks Treatment Duration

Summary

A prospective study of 68 patients with elbow tendinopathy (tennis/golf elbow) receiving 8 weeks of bee-venom pharmacopuncture. VAS pain scores decreased by an average 71% from baseline, and grip strength improved by 35%. At 3-month follow-up, recurrence was significantly lower than controls.

Key Conclusion

Bee-venom pharmacopuncture is effective for pain relief and functional recovery in elbow tendinopathy, with superior long-term prognosis compared to steroid injection, and can be considered a first-line treatment option for chronic elbow pain.

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RCT Elbow Pain

Effect of topical herbal patch and acupuncture for medial epicondylitis: a randomized controlled trial

Yoon JH, Kim MK, Shin BC, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

72% DASH Improvement
34% Grip Strength Increase
64 Patients Participants

Combining topical herbal patches with acupuncture showed superior effects compared to physiotherapy in pain reduction and upper-limb functional recovery in medial epicondylitis.

View Source 2023
RCT Elbow Pain

Effect of topical herbal patch and acupuncture for medial epicondylitis: a randomized controlled trial

Yoon JH, Kim MK, Shin BC, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
72% DASH Improvement
34% Grip Strength Increase
64 Patients Participants

Summary

64 patients with medial epicondylitis (golf elbow) were randomized to topical herbal patch + acupuncture vs. physical therapy for 8 weeks. The Korean medicine group had an average 34% grip strength increase and 72% improvement in DASH scores — significantly higher than physical therapy (48%).

Key Conclusion

Combining topical herbal patches with acupuncture showed superior effects compared to physiotherapy in pain reduction and upper-limb functional recovery in medial epicondylitis.

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Narrative Review Elbow Pain

Recent Trends and Future Outlook of Korean Medicine Treatment for Medial Epicondylitis

Kim HG, Cho KH, Lim BW, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2025)

56 papers Last 5-Year Papers
8 methods Major Treatments

Korean medicine research on medial epicondylitis is advancing, with securing high-quality clinical evidence remaining a future task.

View Source 2025
Narrative Review Elbow Pain

Recent Trends and Future Outlook of Korean Medicine Treatment for Medial Epicondylitis

Kim HG, Cho KH, Lim BW, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2025)
56 papers Last 5-Year Papers
8 methods Major Treatments

Summary

Recent trends in Korean medicine research on medial epicondylitis treatment were analyzed, and future research directions were proposed. The need for high-evidence multicenter studies and the potential of Korean-Western medicine collaboration models were discussed.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine research on medial epicondylitis is advancing, with securing high-quality clinical evidence remaining a future task.

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Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Safety Evaluation of Pharmacopuncture for Tennis Elbow: A Large-Scale Retrospective Analysis

Kwak HY, Song HS, Park SU, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2022)

3.2% Mild Adverse Reaction Rate
1523 subjects Analyzed

Pharmacopuncture was confirmed to be a safe treatment for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

View Source 2022
Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Safety Evaluation of Pharmacopuncture for Tennis Elbow: A Large-Scale Retrospective Analysis

Kwak HY, Song HS, Park SU, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2022)
3.2% Mild Adverse Reaction Rate
1523 subjects Analyzed

Summary

Medical records of 1,523 patients with lateral epicondylitis who received pharmacopuncture over 3 years were retrospectively analyzed for adverse reactions. Excluding mild local reactions (3.2%), no serious adverse reactions were reported.

Key Conclusion

Pharmacopuncture was confirmed to be a safe treatment for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

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RCT Elbow Pain

Effect of Topical Herbal Medicine for Elbow Joint Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sung WS, Yun JM, Ahn YC, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

69% Pain Reduction Rate
72 subjects Participants

Topical herbal medicine is effective as adjunctive treatment for elbow joint pain.

View Source 2023
RCT Elbow Pain

Effect of Topical Herbal Medicine for Elbow Joint Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sung WS, Yun JM, Ahn YC, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)
69% Pain Reduction Rate
72 subjects Participants

Summary

Seventy-two patients with elbow joint pain received topical herbal medicine (patch type) or placebo for 4 weeks. The topical herbal medicine group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in pain and functional scores.

Key Conclusion

Topical herbal medicine is effective as adjunctive treatment for elbow joint pain.

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Before-After Elbow Pain

Effect of Combined Cupping and Acupuncture for Lateral Epicondylitis: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Jeon JH, Park YJ, Kim YI, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)

77% Pain Reduction Rate
58 subjects Participants

Combined cupping and acupuncture is an effective non-pharmacological treatment method for lateral epicondylitis.

View Source 2021
Before-After Elbow Pain

Effect of Combined Cupping and Acupuncture for Lateral Epicondylitis: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Jeon JH, Park YJ, Kim YI, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)
77% Pain Reduction Rate
58 subjects Participants

Summary

Fifty-eight patients with lateral epicondylitis received combined cupping and acupuncture for 4 weeks, with pre- and post-treatment changes compared. Pain scores, grip strength, and joint range of motion all showed significant improvement.

Key Conclusion

Combined cupping and acupuncture is an effective non-pharmacological treatment method for lateral epicondylitis.

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RCT Elbow Pain

Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for Golfer's Elbow

Cho SY, Lee YS, Kim WJ, et al.

Pain Medicine (2025)

83% Pain Reduction Rate
104 subjects Participants

Acupuncture demonstrated clear therapeutic effects beyond placebo in golfer's elbow as confirmed in a double-blind trial.

View Source 2025
RCT Elbow Pain

Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for Golfer's Elbow

Cho SY, Lee YS, Kim WJ, et al. Pain Medicine (2025)
83% Pain Reduction Rate
104 subjects Participants

Summary

One hundred four patients with medial epicondylitis were randomized in a double-blind manner to true acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups for 8 weeks. The true acupuncture group demonstrated significant improvements in VAS, grip strength, and PRTEE scores compared to the sham group.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture demonstrated clear therapeutic effects beyond placebo in golfer's elbow as confirmed in a double-blind trial.

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Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Analysis of Return-to-Work Following Korean Medicine Treatment in Elbow Joint Pain Patients

Min SW, Jang HK, Oh JY, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)

5.2 weeks Average Return Period
89 subjects Analyzed

Korean medicine treatment contributes to early return to work for patients with occupational elbow joint pain.

View Source 2022
Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Analysis of Return-to-Work Following Korean Medicine Treatment in Elbow Joint Pain Patients

Min SW, Jang HK, Oh JY, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)
5.2 weeks Average Return Period
89 subjects Analyzed

Summary

Time to return to work and related factors were analyzed in 89 occupational patients receiving Korean medicine treatment for elbow joint pain. The average return-to-work duration for those receiving Korean medicine treatment was 5.2 weeks.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment contributes to early return to work for patients with occupational elbow joint pain.

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Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Comparative Effects of Pharmacopuncture Formulations for Lateral Epicondylitis: A Network Meta-analysis

Lee JW, Son MJ, Cho KH, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

Rank 1 Bee Venom Effect Ranking
23 studies Analyzed Studies

Among various pharmacopunctures, bee venom pharmacopuncture was analyzed as the most effective for lateral epicondylitis treatment.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Comparative Effects of Pharmacopuncture Formulations for Lateral Epicondylitis: A Network Meta-analysis

Lee JW, Son MJ, Cho KH, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
Rank 1 Bee Venom Effect Ranking
23 studies Analyzed Studies

Summary

A network meta-analysis was conducted comparing the effects of various pharmacopuncture formulations (bee venom, placental extract, Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture, etc.) used for lateral epicondylitis. Bee venom pharmacopuncture showed the highest ranking in pain reduction.

Key Conclusion

Among various pharmacopunctures, bee venom pharmacopuncture was analyzed as the most effective for lateral epicondylitis treatment.

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Cross-Sectional Elbow Pain

Comparison of Patient Satisfaction Between Acupuncture and Physical Therapy in Tennis Elbow Patients

Koo ST, Lee YH, Jung CY, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2019)

91% Acupuncture Satisfaction
206 subjects Participants

Acupuncture demonstrates higher patient satisfaction than conventional physical therapy in tennis elbow patients.

View Source 2019
Cross-Sectional Elbow Pain

Comparison of Patient Satisfaction Between Acupuncture and Physical Therapy in Tennis Elbow Patients

Koo ST, Lee YH, Jung CY, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2019)
91% Acupuncture Satisfaction
206 subjects Participants

Summary

Treatment satisfaction was compared between acupuncture and conventional physical therapy groups in 206 patients with lateral epicondylitis. Satisfaction was significantly higher in the acupuncture group, with greater willingness to revisit.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture demonstrates higher patient satisfaction than conventional physical therapy in tennis elbow patients.

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Systematic Review Elbow Pain

Effect of Needle-Knife Therapy on Elbow Joint Pain: A Systematic Review

Yoon SH, Han CH, Shin KM, et al.

Pain Medicine (2023)

80% Pain Reduction Rate
16 studies Analyzed Studies

Needle-knife therapy is accumulating evidence as an effective treatment for elbow tendinopathy.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Elbow Pain

Effect of Needle-Knife Therapy on Elbow Joint Pain: A Systematic Review

Yoon SH, Han CH, Shin KM, et al. Pain Medicine (2023)
80% Pain Reduction Rate
16 studies Analyzed Studies

Summary

Sixteen studies applying needle-knife therapy to elbow joint pain were systematically reviewed. Needle-knife therapy was shown to be effective in adhesion release and pain reduction in chronic tendinopathy.

Key Conclusion

Needle-knife therapy is accumulating evidence as an effective treatment for elbow tendinopathy.

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