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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Psychological-Physiological Improvement Effect of Gongjindan for Burnout Syndrome in Office Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Shin JH, Lee BK, Cho WJ, et al.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2024)

42% Emotional Exhaustion Reduction
34% Job Engagement Improvement
86 subjects Participants

Gongjindan alleviates emotional exhaustion in office workers with burnout syndrome, restores stress hormone rhythm, and increases job involvement.

View Source 2024
RCT Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Psychological-Physiological Improvement Effect of Gongjindan for Burnout Syndrome in Office Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Shin JH, Lee BK, Cho WJ, et al. Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2024)
42% Emotional Exhaustion Reduction
34% Job Engagement Improvement
86 subjects Participants

Summary

A randomized controlled trial compared Gongjindan and placebo groups over 8 weeks in 86 office workers with burnout syndrome. The Gongjindan group demonstrated 42% reduction in MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) emotional exhaustion scores, with normalized circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol. Work engagement (UWES scores) improved by 34%, also confirming job involvement enhancement.

Key Conclusion

Gongjindan alleviates emotional exhaustion in office workers with burnout syndrome, restores stress hormone rhythm, and increases job involvement.

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Cohort Study Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Effect of Gongjindan on Testosterone Levels and Vitality in Middle-Aged Men: A Prospective Cohort Study

Park DK, Kim TH, Woo JS, et al.

Andrologia (2023)

18% Testosterone Increase
37% AMS Score Improvement
94 subjects Participants

Gongjindan restores testosterone levels in middle-aged men and alleviates male menopausal symptoms, providing clinical evidence for Kidney Yang deficiency improvement.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Effect of Gongjindan on Testosterone Levels and Vitality in Middle-Aged Men: A Prospective Cohort Study

Park DK, Kim TH, Woo JS, et al. Andrologia (2023)
18% Testosterone Increase
37% AMS Score Improvement
94 subjects Participants

Summary

A prospective cohort study compared 16-week progress between Gongjindan and non-treatment groups in 94 middle-aged men aged 40-60 with male menopausal symptoms. The Gongjindan group demonstrated serum total testosterone increasing by an average of 18%, with AMS (Aging Males' Symptoms scale) scores improving by 37%. IIEF-5 scores related to sexual function also significantly improved.

Key Conclusion

Gongjindan restores testosterone levels in middle-aged men and alleviates male menopausal symptoms, providing clinical evidence for Kidney Yang deficiency improvement.

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Before-After Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Motor and Non-motor Symptom Improvement of Gongjindan in Early Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Oh JH, Yang SB, Lee JS, et al.

Parkinsonism and Related Disorders (2024)

6.8 points UPDRS Improvement
29% BDNF Increase
62 subjects Participants

Gongjindan simultaneously improves motor and non-motor symptoms in early-stage Parkinson's disease patients, with neuroprotective effects through BDNF increase confirmed.

View Source 2024
Before-After Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Motor and Non-motor Symptom Improvement of Gongjindan in Early Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Oh JH, Yang SB, Lee JS, et al. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders (2024)
6.8 points UPDRS Improvement
29% BDNF Increase
62 subjects Participants

Summary

A pre-post comparison study administered Gongjindan for 16 weeks to 62 patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr 1-2). UPDRS Part III (motor function) scores improved by an average of 6.8 points, with significant improvement in non-motor symptoms including constipation (Bristol scale 2.3-point improvement) and olfactory function (UPSIT 3.2-point improvement). Serum BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) increased by 29%.

Key Conclusion

Gongjindan simultaneously improves motor and non-motor symptoms in early-stage Parkinson's disease patients, with neuroprotective effects through BDNF increase confirmed.

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Systematic Review Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Long-term Administration Safety and Adverse Event Profile of Gongjindan: A Multicenter Systematic Review

Kim BH, Song YK, Lee HJ, et al.

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (2023)

4.7% Adverse Event Rate
31 studies Analyzed Studies
2,847 subjects Total Participants

Gongjindan demonstrates high safety even with long-term administration, with confirmed safety profile as a tonic preparation usable without serious adverse events.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Long-term Administration Safety and Adverse Event Profile of Gongjindan: A Multicenter Systematic Review

Kim BH, Song YK, Lee HJ, et al. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (2023)
4.7% Adverse Event Rate
31 studies Analyzed Studies
2,847 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Thirty-one clinical studies (2,847 subjects total, average administration period 14.2 weeks) evaluating long-term administration safety of Gongjindan were systematically reviewed. Mild adverse event incidence was 4.7%, with no significant difference from placebo (3.9%), and major adverse events were mild gastrointestinal discomfort (2.1%). Liver and kidney function indicator abnormalities were not reported, with no drug interactions confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Gongjindan demonstrates high safety even with long-term administration, with confirmed safety profile as a tonic preparation usable without serious adverse events.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Therapeutic Effect of Bojungikgi-tang for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kim JH, Park SH, Lee JY, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

42% Fatigue reduction
35% NK cell activity increase
8 weeks Treatment duration

Bojungikgi-tang shows significant improvement effects on both subjective fatigue and objective immune indicators in chronic fatigue syndrome patients, providing scientific evidence for tonifying treatment.

View Source 2023
RCT Wellness / Restoration

Therapeutic Effect of Bojungikgi-tang for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kim JH, Park SH, Lee JY, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
42% Fatigue reduction
35% NK cell activity increase
8 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

A randomized controlled trial comparing 8 weeks of Bojungikgi-tang versus placebo in 96 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The Bojungikgi-tang group showed an average 42% reduction in Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), significant improvement compared to placebo group (18% reduction). NK cell activity increased by 35%, also confirming immune function enhancement effects.

Key Conclusion

Bojungikgi-tang shows significant improvement effects on both subjective fatigue and objective immune indicators in chronic fatigue syndrome patients, providing scientific evidence for tonifying treatment.

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Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Anti-Fatigue and Immune-Enhancing Effects of Deer Antler Extract

Lee MK, Choi SJ, Kim HJ, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

28% Endurance improvement
15 studies Analyzed studies
40s+ Maximum effect age

Deer antler extract shows significant effects on physical endurance improvement and immune function enhancement, and is scientifically valid as a tonifying treatment material for middle-aged and older adults.

View Source 2022
Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Anti-Fatigue and Immune-Enhancing Effects of Deer Antler Extract

Lee MK, Choi SJ, Kim HJ, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
28% Endurance improvement
15 studies Analyzed studies
40s+ Maximum effect age

Summary

Fifteen clinical studies examining anti-fatigue and immune-enhancing effects of deer antler extract were systematically analyzed. Meta-analysis showed an average 28% increase in physical endurance and significantly elevated IgG antibody levels in the deer antler group. Effects were particularly pronounced in the age group of 40s and older.

Key Conclusion

Deer antler extract shows significant effects on physical endurance improvement and immune function enhancement, and is scientifically valid as a tonifying treatment material for middle-aged and older adults.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Postoperative Recovery Promotion Effect of Combined Herbal Medicine: A Prospective Cohort Study

Yoon SH, Kang BK, Han CH, et al.

Integrative Medicine Research (2023)

2.1 days Discharge duration reduction
45% Appetite recovery speed improvement
210 patients Study population

Combined herbal medicine treatment after surgery contributes to appetite recovery, normalization of bowel function, and shortened hospitalization, having value as an integrative medical recovery strategy.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Postoperative Recovery Promotion Effect of Combined Herbal Medicine: A Prospective Cohort Study

Yoon SH, Kang BK, Han CH, et al. Integrative Medicine Research (2023)
2.1 days Discharge duration reduction
45% Appetite recovery speed improvement
210 patients Study population

Summary

A cohort study comparing recovery speed between combined herbal medicine administration and general recovery groups in 210 patients after major surgery. In the herbal medicine combination group, mean time to appetite recovery was 3.2 days (general group 5.8 days), with average reduction of 2.1 days to discharge.

Key Conclusion

Combined herbal medicine treatment after surgery contributes to appetite recovery, normalization of bowel function, and shortened hospitalization, having value as an integrative medical recovery strategy.

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Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Immune-Enhancing Effects of Korean Medicine Tonifying Prescriptions

Kim TH, Hong JY, Leem JT, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)

35% NK cell activity increase
1,450 patients Total participants

Korean medicine tonifying prescriptions have significant effects on immune function enhancement and are useful for patients with chronic fatigue and immune decline.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Immune-Enhancing Effects of Korean Medicine Tonifying Prescriptions

Kim TH, Hong JY, Leem JT, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)
35% NK cell activity increase
1,450 patients Total participants

Summary

A systematic review evaluating immune-enhancing effects of Korean medicine tonifying prescriptions (Sipjeondaebo-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, etc.). A total of 20 studies were analyzed, with significant effects confirmed on NK cell activity and cytokine level improvement.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine tonifying prescriptions have significant effects on immune function enhancement and are useful for patients with chronic fatigue and immune decline.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Randomized Controlled Trial of Deer Antler Combination Prescription for Physical Strength Enhancement

Park SU, Lim JA, Song HJ, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)

42% Fatigue improvement rate
90 patients Participants

Deer antler combination prescription is an effective Korean medicine tonifying method for physical strength enhancement and fatigue recovery in chronic fatigue patients.

View Source 2024
RCT Wellness / Restoration

Randomized Controlled Trial of Deer Antler Combination Prescription for Physical Strength Enhancement

Park SU, Lim JA, Song HJ, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)
42% Fatigue improvement rate
90 patients Participants

Summary

A randomized controlled trial comparing deer antler combination prescription and placebo in 90 adults complaining of chronic fatigue. After 8 weeks of administration, physical strength indicators (grip strength, VO2max) and fatigue levels significantly improved.

Key Conclusion

Deer antler combination prescription is an effective Korean medicine tonifying method for physical strength enhancement and fatigue recovery in chronic fatigue patients.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Improvement Effect of Bojungikgi-tang for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study

Han CH, Seo BK, Choi JB, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2024)

78% Fatigue improvement rate
120 patients Participants

Bojungikgi-tang is effective for comprehensive health improvement in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Improvement Effect of Bojungikgi-tang for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study

Han CH, Seo BK, Choi JB, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2024)
78% Fatigue improvement rate
120 patients Participants

Summary

A prospective cohort study administering Bojungikgi-tang for 12 weeks and following 120 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Significant improvements appeared in fatigue level, quality of life, and vitality indicators.

Key Conclusion

Bojungikgi-tang is effective for comprehensive health improvement in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.

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Before-After Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Sasang Constitution-Tailored Tonifying Prescription: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Choi AR, Im JG, Lee SJ, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

86% Subjective health improvement rate
80 patients Participants

Tonifying prescription tailored to Sasang constitution shows superior health promotion effects compared to general tonifying medicine.

View Source 2022
Before-After Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Sasang Constitution-Tailored Tonifying Prescription: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Choi AR, Im JG, Lee SJ, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
86% Subjective health improvement rate
80 patients Participants

Summary

Sasang constitution-tailored tonifying medicine was prescribed for 8 weeks to 80 adults visiting for health promotion, with pre-post comparison. The constitution-tailored prescription group showed greater improvements in fatigue and immune indicators compared to non-constitution prescription group.

Key Conclusion

Tonifying prescription tailored to Sasang constitution shows superior health promotion effects compared to general tonifying medicine.

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Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Immune-Enhancing Effects of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions

Song MY, Lim BM, Jung HJ, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

25 studies Included Studies
2,143 subjects Total Participants
Increased NK cell activity Immune Enhancement

Tonic herbal prescriptions provide evidence of enhancing both innate and adaptive immunity, with the development of standardized protocols required.

View Source 2022
Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review of Immune-Enhancing Effects of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions

Song MY, Lim BM, Jung HJ, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
25 studies Included Studies
2,143 subjects Total Participants
Increased NK cell activity Immune Enhancement

Summary

A systematic analysis of 25 clinical studies investigating the immune-enhancing effects of tonic herbal prescriptions. NK cell activity, IgG levels, and lymphocyte subset changes were comprehensively evaluated.

Key Conclusion

Tonic herbal prescriptions provide evidence of enhancing both innate and adaptive immunity, with the development of standardized protocols required.

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