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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Moxibustion Treatment on Immunoglobulin Levels and Inflammation Markers: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Kwak MA, Suh JW, Han JM, et al.

Journal of Immunology Research (2024)

280 patients Total participants
IgA increase Mucosal immunity enhancement
hs-CRP reduction Inflammation suppression

Regular moxibustion treatment has effects on strengthening mucosal immunity (IgA) and suppressing chronic low-grade inflammation.

View Source 2024
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Moxibustion Treatment on Immunoglobulin Levels and Inflammation Markers: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Kwak MA, Suh JW, Han JM, et al. Journal of Immunology Research (2024)
280 patients Total participants
IgA increase Mucosal immunity enhancement
hs-CRP reduction Inflammation suppression

Summary

Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and inflammation markers (hs-CRP, ESR) were compared between regular moxibustion users (130) and non-users (150) among health check-up subjects. The moxibustion users showed significantly higher IgA and lower hs-CRP.

Key Conclusion

Regular moxibustion treatment has effects on strengthening mucosal immunity (IgA) and suppressing chronic low-grade inflammation.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Four Seasons Yangsaeng Method Program on Health Indicators in Chronic Disease Patients: A 1-Year Cohort Study

Park BS, Jeon SW, Kim DI, et al.

Preventive Medicine (2023)

45% ER visit reduction
240 patients Participants
1 year Follow-up period

Four seasons yangsaeng methods complement chronic disease management, reducing medical utilization and improving self-management capacity.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Four Seasons Yangsaeng Method Program on Health Indicators in Chronic Disease Patients: A 1-Year Cohort Study

Park BS, Jeon SW, Kim DI, et al. Preventive Medicine (2023)
45% ER visit reduction
240 patients Participants
1 year Follow-up period

Summary

Seasonal customized yangsaeng programs were applied for 1 year to 240 chronic disease (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) patients, and health indicators were tracked. The program participation group showed improvements in emergency room visits (-45%), medication dose adjustments (-22%), and health self-efficacy (+38%).

Key Conclusion

Four seasons yangsaeng methods complement chronic disease management, reducing medical utilization and improving self-management capacity.

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Before-After Mental Health

Effect of Korean Medicine Sleep Yangsaeng Method on Sleep Quality in Insomnia Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Moon SJ, Kim CH, Woo HS, et al.

Sleep Medicine (2024)

6.4 points PSQI reduction
89% Sleep efficiency improvement
75 patients Participants

Korean medicine sleep yangsaeng methods significantly improve sleep quality and can manage insomnia without sleep medication dependence.

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Before-After Mental Health

Effect of Korean Medicine Sleep Yangsaeng Method on Sleep Quality in Insomnia Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Moon SJ, Kim CH, Woo HS, et al. Sleep Medicine (2024)
6.4 points PSQI reduction
89% Sleep efficiency improvement
75 patients Participants

Summary

Korean medicine sleep yangsaeng methods (sleeping at midnight, Gwibi-tang, auricular acupuncture) were applied for 8 weeks to 75 chronic insomnia patients. PSQI total score decreased by an average of 6.4 points, with sleep efficiency improving from 78% to 89%.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine sleep yangsaeng methods significantly improve sleep quality and can manage insomnia without sleep medication dependence.

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Meta-Analysis Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Immune Modulation Effects of Bojungikgi-tang

Choi JH, Lee AR, Park SY, et al.

Phytomedicine (2023)

24 studies Analyzed papers
NK cell increase Innate immunity enhancement
CD4/CD8 improvement Adaptive immunity modulation

Bojungikgi-tang shows significant immune enhancement effects on both innate and adaptive immunity, and is effective for patients with immune decline.

View Source 2023
Meta-Analysis Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Immune Modulation Effects of Bojungikgi-tang

Choi JH, Lee AR, Park SY, et al. Phytomedicine (2023)
24 studies Analyzed papers
NK cell increase Innate immunity enhancement
CD4/CD8 improvement Adaptive immunity modulation

Summary

Twenty-four studies evaluating immune modulation effects of Bojungikgi-tang were meta-analyzed. NK cell activity increase (SMD: 0.82), CD4/CD8 ratio improvement (SMD: 0.56), and IgA level elevation (SMD: 0.71) were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Bojungikgi-tang shows significant immune enhancement effects on both innate and adaptive immunity, and is effective for patients with immune decline.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Doin Exercise on Physical Strength and Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ahn TW, Go HY, Nam DH, et al.

Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation (2024)

34% Flexibility improvement
42% Depression symptom reduction
90 patients Participants

Doin exercise shows effects equivalent or superior to aerobic exercise on physical strength enhancement and mental health improvement in middle-aged adults.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Doin Exercise on Physical Strength and Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ahn TW, Go HY, Nam DH, et al. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation (2024)
34% Flexibility improvement
42% Depression symptom reduction
90 patients Participants

Summary

Ninety adults aged 40-60 were divided into Doin exercise, aerobic exercise, and non-exercise control groups and compared over 12 weeks. The Doin exercise group showed the greatest improvements in flexibility (34% improvement), balance (sit-to-stand 28% improvement), and PHQ-9 depression scores (-42%).

Key Conclusion

Doin exercise shows effects equivalent or superior to aerobic exercise on physical strength enhancement and mental health improvement in middle-aged adults.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Yakseon Dietary Therapy on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: A Cohort Study

Yoo TW, Shin MK, Lee JA, et al.

Nutrition Research and Practice (2023)

-4.2 cm Waist circumference reduction
-28% Triglyceride reduction
160 patients Participants

Yakseon dietary therapy effectively improves metabolic syndrome risk factors and is useful for preventive health management.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Yakseon Dietary Therapy on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: A Cohort Study

Yoo TW, Shin MK, Lee JA, et al. Nutrition Research and Practice (2023)
-4.2 cm Waist circumference reduction
-28% Triglyceride reduction
160 patients Participants

Summary

One hundred sixty adults with prediabetes were divided into yakseon dietary therapy and general dietary groups and followed for 16 weeks. The yakseon group showed significant decreases in waist circumference (-4.2 cm), triglycerides (-28%), and fasting blood glucose (-12 mg/dL).

Key Conclusion

Yakseon dietary therapy effectively improves metabolic syndrome risk factors and is useful for preventive health management.

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Meta-Analysis Wellness / Restoration

Autonomic Nervous System Modulation Effect of Acupuncture and Heart Rate Variability Analysis: A Meta-Analysis

Bae JH, Kwon CY, Lee BH, et al.

Autonomic Neuroscience (2024)

28 studies Analyzed papers
HF increase Parasympathetic activity
LF/HF improvement Autonomic balance

Acupuncture increases parasympathetic activity and restores autonomic balance, being effective for managing stress-related diseases.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Wellness / Restoration

Autonomic Nervous System Modulation Effect of Acupuncture and Heart Rate Variability Analysis: A Meta-Analysis

Bae JH, Kwon CY, Lee BH, et al. Autonomic Neuroscience (2024)
28 studies Analyzed papers
HF increase Parasympathetic activity
LF/HF improvement Autonomic balance

Summary

Twenty-eight studies evaluating the impact of acupuncture on the autonomic nervous system using heart rate variability (HRV) were meta-analyzed. After acupuncture, parasympathetic activity indicator (HF) significantly increased, with improved sympathetic/parasympathetic balance (LF/HF ratio).

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture increases parasympathetic activity and restores autonomic balance, being effective for managing stress-related diseases.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Sasang Constitution-Tailored Yangsaeng Methods on Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jang ES, Baek YH, Kim KY, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

22 points SF-36 improvement
200 patients Participants
24 weeks Observation period

Sasang constitution-tailored yangsaeng methods have significant effects on quality of life improvement as personalized health management.

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RCT Wellness / Restoration

Effect of Sasang Constitution-Tailored Yangsaeng Methods on Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jang ES, Baek YH, Kim KY, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
22 points SF-36 improvement
200 patients Participants
24 weeks Observation period

Summary

Two hundred healthy adults were divided into Sasang constitution-tailored yangsaeng method and general health management groups and compared over 24 weeks. The tailored group showed an average 22-point improvement in SF-36 quality of life scores, with the greatest improvement particularly in the vitality domain.

Key Conclusion

Sasang constitution-tailored yangsaeng methods have significant effects on quality of life improvement as personalized health management.

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Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Herbal Tonifying Prescriptions on Sarcopenia Indicators in the Elderly: A Systematic Review

Han SJ, Moon HK, Cho AR, et al.

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (2024)

16 studies Analyzed papers
Grip strength·walking speed Improvement indicators
Sipjeondaebo-tang Representative prescription

Herbal tonifying prescriptions improve major indicators of elderly sarcopenia, and combination with exercise therapy is recommended.

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Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Impact of Herbal Tonifying Prescriptions on Sarcopenia Indicators in the Elderly: A Systematic Review

Han SJ, Moon HK, Cho AR, et al. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (2024)
16 studies Analyzed papers
Grip strength·walking speed Improvement indicators
Sipjeondaebo-tang Representative prescription

Summary

Sixteen studies on effects of herbal tonifying prescriptions (Sipjeondaebo-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, etc.) for elderly sarcopenia were systematically reviewed. Grip strength, walking speed, and skeletal muscle mass index significantly improved in the herbal medicine administration group.

Key Conclusion

Herbal tonifying prescriptions improve major indicators of elderly sarcopenia, and combination with exercise therapy is recommended.

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Before-After Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Effect of Gongjin-dan Administration on Mitochondrial Function in Chronic Fatigue Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Lee KH, Yoon JY, Seo DW, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

28% Basal respiratory capacity increase
35% Maximum respiratory improvement
50 patients Participants

Gongjin-dan promotes cellular energy production in chronic fatigue by improving mitochondrial function.

View Source 2023
Before-After Gongjindan (拱辰丹)

Effect of Gongjin-dan Administration on Mitochondrial Function in Chronic Fatigue Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Lee KH, Yoon JY, Seo DW, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)
28% Basal respiratory capacity increase
35% Maximum respiratory improvement
50 patients Participants

Summary

Gongjin-dan was administered for 8 weeks to 50 chronic fatigue patients, and mitochondrial respiratory capacity (OCR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured. Basal respiratory capacity increased by 28%, with maximum respiratory capacity improved by 35%.

Key Conclusion

Gongjin-dan promotes cellular energy production in chronic fatigue by improving mitochondrial function.

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RCT Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Effect of Long-Term Gyeongokgo Administration on Menopausal Symptoms and Bone Density in Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park MJ, Kim YS, Choi HS, et al.

Menopause (2024)

45% Menopausal symptom improvement
110 patients Participants
12 weeks Administration period

Gyeongokgo is effective for menopausal symptom relief and bone density maintenance and can be a complementary alternative to hormone replacement therapy.

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RCT Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Effect of Long-Term Gyeongokgo Administration on Menopausal Symptoms and Bone Density in Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park MJ, Kim YS, Choi HS, et al. Menopause (2024)
45% Menopausal symptom improvement
110 patients Participants
12 weeks Administration period

Summary

Menopausal symptoms (Kupperman Index), bone density (DEXA), and blood estradiol levels were compared after 12 weeks of Gyeongokgo administration in 110 women aged 45-60 with menopausal symptoms. The Gyeongokgo group showed 45% improvement in Kupperman Index and significantly maintained lumbar bone density.

Key Conclusion

Gyeongokgo is effective for menopausal symptom relief and bone density maintenance and can be a complementary alternative to hormone replacement therapy.

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Systematic Review Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Growth and Endocrine Regulation Effects of Gyeongokgo in Children with Precocious Puberty: A Systematic Review

Baek JW, Lim EM, Choi MK, et al.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (2023)

1.2cm Annual Growth Velocity Increase
17 studies Studies Analyzed
IGF-1 Key Growth Factor

Gyeongokgo promotes growth in children while regulating bone age progression, demonstrating potential as adjunctive therapy for yin deficiency-type precocious puberty.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Growth and Endocrine Regulation Effects of Gyeongokgo in Children with Precocious Puberty: A Systematic Review

Baek JW, Lim EM, Choi MK, et al. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (2023)
1.2cm Annual Growth Velocity Increase
17 studies Studies Analyzed
IGF-1 Key Growth Factor

Summary

A systematic review of 17 clinical studies evaluating the pediatric growth and endocrine regulation effects of Gyeongokgo. Children receiving Gyeongokgo showed an average 1.2cm increase in annual growth velocity, with significantly slower bone age progression. IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor) levels were optimized within the normal range, and the progression of early puberty signs tended to be delayed.

Key Conclusion

Gyeongokgo promotes growth in children while regulating bone age progression, demonstrating potential as adjunctive therapy for yin deficiency-type precocious puberty.

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