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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Development of a Machine Learning-Based Constitutional Classification Model for Personalized Herbal Prescriptions

Shin AS, Jeon YJ, Choi KH, et al.

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2024)

5,000 subjects Training Data
92.3% Classification Accuracy
AUC 0.96 Model Performance

Machine learning-based constitutional classification models can contribute to the standardization and precision of personalized herbal prescriptions.

View Source 2024
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Development of a Machine Learning-Based Constitutional Classification Model for Personalized Herbal Prescriptions

Shin AS, Jeon YJ, Choi KH, et al. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2024)
5,000 subjects Training Data
92.3% Classification Accuracy
AUC 0.96 Model Performance

Summary

Random Forest and XGBoost-based constitutional classification models were developed using clinical data from 5,000 Korean medicine consultations. The integrated model based on pulse, tongue, and inquiry data classified Sasang constitutions with 92.3% accuracy.

Key Conclusion

Machine learning-based constitutional classification models can contribute to the standardization and precision of personalized herbal prescriptions.

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Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Large-Scale Retrospective Cohort Study on Liver Safety of Herbal Prescriptions

Lee SG, Jang MH, Kim WJ, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

8,500 subjects Analyzed
0.24% Liver Injury Incidence
3+ months Administration Period

Long-term use of herbal prescriptions ensures liver safety in most patients, and regular monitoring is recommended.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Wellness / Restoration

Large-Scale Retrospective Cohort Study on Liver Safety of Herbal Prescriptions

Lee SG, Jang MH, Kim WJ, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)
8,500 subjects Analyzed
0.24% Liver Injury Incidence
3+ months Administration Period

Summary

Liver function test results of 8,500 patients who took herbal prescriptions for 3 months or longer were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of clinically significant liver injury (ALT>3×ULN) was very low at 0.24%.

Key Conclusion

Long-term use of herbal prescriptions ensures liver safety in most patients, and regular monitoring is recommended.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Gut Microbiota Changes and Therapeutic Effect of Constitution-Tailored Herbal Treatment for Chronic Constipation

Oh SJ, Kim JE, Park DI, et al.

Gut Microbes (2024)

70 subjects Participants
Bowel frequency 2.8-fold increase Defecation Improvement
Increased microbial diversity Gut Environment Improvement

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine can effectively treat chronic constipation by improving the gut microbial environment.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Gut Microbiota Changes and Therapeutic Effect of Constitution-Tailored Herbal Treatment for Chronic Constipation

Oh SJ, Kim JE, Park DI, et al. Gut Microbes (2024)
70 subjects Participants
Bowel frequency 2.8-fold increase Defecation Improvement
Increased microbial diversity Gut Environment Improvement

Summary

Seventy patients with chronic constipation received constitution-tailored herbal medicine, and gut microbiota composition and bowel habits were observed for 8 weeks. Gut microbial diversity increased after herbal administration, and bowel movement frequency significantly increased.

Key Conclusion

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine can effectively treat chronic constipation by improving the gut microbial environment.

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Meta-Analysis Women's Health / Infertility

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Menopausal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Choi JE, Lee HW, Kim YI, et al.

Maturitas (2023)

21 studies Included Studies
1,847 subjects Total Participants
KI score 38% reduction Symptom Improvement

Personalized herbal prescriptions effectively alleviate overall symptoms of menopausal syndrome and can serve as a complement to hormone replacement therapy.

View Source 2023
Meta-Analysis Women's Health / Infertility

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Menopausal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Choi JE, Lee HW, Kim YI, et al. Maturitas (2023)
21 studies Included Studies
1,847 subjects Total Participants
KI score 38% reduction Symptom Improvement

Summary

A meta-analysis of 21 clinical studies investigating the efficacy of personalized herbal medicine for menopausal syndrome. Kupperman Index and hot flash frequency significantly decreased.

Key Conclusion

Personalized herbal prescriptions effectively alleviate overall symptoms of menopausal syndrome and can serve as a complement to hormone replacement therapy.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Prediabetic Patients

Kang SY, Yoo JH, Lee BJ, et al.

Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)

90 subjects Participants
HbA1c 0.4% reduction Glycemic Control
HOMA-IR 28% improvement Insulin Resistance

Constitution-based personalized herbal medicine is effective in improving glycemic control and insulin resistance in prediabetes.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Prediabetic Patients

Kang SY, Yoo JH, Lee BJ, et al. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)
90 subjects Participants
HbA1c 0.4% reduction Glycemic Control
HOMA-IR 28% improvement Insulin Resistance

Summary

Ninety patients with prediabetes were divided into a personalized herbal medicine group and a lifestyle modification control group and observed for 16 weeks. Fasting glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR significantly improved in the herbal group.

Key Conclusion

Constitution-based personalized herbal medicine is effective in improving glycemic control and insulin resistance in prediabetes.

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Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Big Data Analysis of Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation Classification and Herbal Prescription Patterns

Kim MH, Shin JC, Wang Y, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

25,000 records Analyzed Data
50 clinics Participating Clinics
12 pattern types Classification Patterns

Big data analysis can objectify herbal prescription patterns and strengthen the evidence base for personalized prescriptions.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Big Data Analysis of Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation Classification and Herbal Prescription Patterns

Kim MH, Shin JC, Wang Y, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
25,000 records Analyzed Data
50 clinics Participating Clinics
12 pattern types Classification Patterns

Summary

Twenty-five thousand consultation records from 50 Korean medicine clinics nationwide were analyzed to identify herbal prescription patterns according to pattern differentiation classification. The most frequent prescriptions and herbal combinations were derived for major patterns including qi deficiency, blood deficiency, yin deficiency, and yang deficiency.

Key Conclusion

Big data analysis can objectify herbal prescription patterns and strengthen the evidence base for personalized prescriptions.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Treatment on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients

Sung JH, Park SJ, Chen L, et al.

Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)

120 subjects Participants
IBS-SSS 51% reduction Symptom Improvement
QoL 34% improvement Quality of Life Improvement

Personalized herbal medicine is as effective as standard Western medicine treatment in symptom relief and quality of life improvement for IBS.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Treatment on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients

Sung JH, Park SJ, Chen L, et al. Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)
120 subjects Participants
IBS-SSS 51% reduction Symptom Improvement
QoL 34% improvement Quality of Life Improvement

Summary

One hundred twenty IBS patients were randomly assigned to a constitution-based personalized herbal medicine group or a standard Western medicine treatment group and treated for 8 weeks. The herbal group showed significant reductions in IBS-SSS scores and improvements in IBS-QoL scores.

Key Conclusion

Personalized herbal medicine is as effective as standard Western medicine treatment in symptom relief and quality of life improvement for IBS.

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Before-After Pediatric / Adolescent Care

Effect of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions on Pediatric Growth Disorders: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Ryoo JY, Kim KB, Min SY, et al.

European Journal of Integrative Medicine (2022)

65 subjects Participants
Annual growth rate 1.8cm increase Growth Promotion
IGF-1 23% increase Growth Hormone Marker

Personalized growth tonic medicine demonstrates positive effects on growth promotion as an adjunctive treatment for pediatric growth disorders.

View Source 2022
Before-After Pediatric / Adolescent Care

Effect of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions on Pediatric Growth Disorders: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Ryoo JY, Kim KB, Min SY, et al. European Journal of Integrative Medicine (2022)
65 subjects Participants
Annual growth rate 1.8cm increase Growth Promotion
IGF-1 23% increase Growth Hormone Marker

Summary

Sixty-five children with growth retardation received constitution-specific personalized growth tonic medicine for 6 months, and height growth rate and growth hormone-related markers were measured. Annual growth rate significantly increased compared to baseline.

Key Conclusion

Personalized growth tonic medicine demonstrates positive effects on growth promotion as an adjunctive treatment for pediatric growth disorders.

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Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Pharmacokinetic Study to Evaluate Drug Interaction Risks of Herbal Prescriptions

Yang DH, Seo HS, Lee SY, et al.

Drug Safety (2023)

10 herbal Evaluated Prescriptions
20 Western drugs Co-administered Drugs
2 caution combinations Confirmed Interactions

Common herbal prescriptions have low risk of drug interactions with Western medications, although caution is needed for specific combinations.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Wellness / Restoration

Pharmacokinetic Study to Evaluate Drug Interaction Risks of Herbal Prescriptions

Yang DH, Seo HS, Lee SY, et al. Drug Safety (2023)
10 herbal Evaluated Prescriptions
20 Western drugs Co-administered Drugs
2 caution combinations Confirmed Interactions

Summary

Pharmacokinetic interactions between 10 commonly used herbal prescriptions and 20 frequently co-administered Western medications were evaluated through CYP450 enzyme inhibition experiments. Most herbal prescriptions showed low risk of clinically significant drug interactions.

Key Conclusion

Common herbal prescriptions have low risk of drug interactions with Western medications, although caution is needed for specific combinations.

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Before-After Neurological Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Headache Frequency and Analgesic Use Reduction in Chronic Headache Patients

Cho SJ, Kim BK, Moon HS, et al.

Cephalalgia (2024)

100 subjects Participants
Headache days 57% reduction Headache Improvement
Analgesic use 45% reduction Medication Reduction

Personalized herbal prescriptions are effective in reducing chronic headache frequency and lowering analgesic dependence.

View Source 2024
Before-After Neurological Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Headache Frequency and Analgesic Use Reduction in Chronic Headache Patients

Cho SJ, Kim BK, Moon HS, et al. Cephalalgia (2024)
100 subjects Participants
Headache days 57% reduction Headache Improvement
Analgesic use 45% reduction Medication Reduction

Summary

One hundred patients with chronic headache (tension-type/migraine) received pattern-differentiation-based personalized herbal medicine for 12 weeks. Monthly headache days decreased from an average of 11.2 to 4.8, and acute analgesic use frequency reduced.

Key Conclusion

Personalized herbal prescriptions are effective in reducing chronic headache frequency and lowering analgesic dependence.

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Narrative Review Wellness / Restoration

Narrative Review on the Immunosenescence-Delaying Effects of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions

Kwon SH, Lee GM, Zhang H, et al.

Ageing Research Reviews (2023)

52 sources Analyzed Literature
Telomere protection Major Mechanism
Immunosenescence delay Core Effect

Tonic herbal prescriptions possess multiple mechanisms for delaying immunosenescence and have high utility value in an aging society.

View Source 2023
Narrative Review Wellness / Restoration

Narrative Review on the Immunosenescence-Delaying Effects of Tonic Herbal Prescriptions

Kwon SH, Lee GM, Zhang H, et al. Ageing Research Reviews (2023)
52 sources Analyzed Literature
Telomere protection Major Mechanism
Immunosenescence delay Core Effect

Summary

A comprehensive review of basic and clinical research literature on the immunosenescence-suppressing effects of tonic herbal medicine. Mechanisms including telomere length maintenance, thymic involution suppression, and naive T cell ratio preservation were reported.

Key Conclusion

Tonic herbal prescriptions possess multiple mechanisms for delaying immunosenescence and have high utility value in an aging society.

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RCT Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Obesity Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cho WK, Nam HJ, Park SH, et al.

Obesity (2024)

130 subjects Participants
Weight 4.2kg reduction Weight Loss
Body fat 3.1% reduction Body Fat Reduction

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine is an effective complementary treatment for weight loss and metabolic improvement in obese patients.

View Source 2024
RCT Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Obesity Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cho WK, Nam HJ, Park SH, et al. Obesity (2024)
130 subjects Participants
Weight 4.2kg reduction Weight Loss
Body fat 3.1% reduction Body Fat Reduction

Summary

One hundred thirty obese patients with BMI ≥25 were divided into a constitution-tailored herbal medicine group and a placebo group and observed for 12 weeks. The herbal group showed significant decreases in body weight, body fat percentage, and waist circumference, and improved metabolic indices.

Key Conclusion

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine is an effective complementary treatment for weight loss and metabolic improvement in obese patients.

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