금맥한의원
Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

📅 Book Appointment 📋 Geummaek Herbal Medicine 💬 Reviews 📝 Health Columns
Research Papers
🔍

Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Narrative Review Digestive Disorders

Experimental Study on Anti-Inflammatory and Digestive-Promoting Effects of Jeju-Grown Citrus Peel (Jinpi)

Lee SH, Choi YJ, Han DW et al.

한국한의학연구원 논문집 (2024)

+28% Hesperidin Content Difference
62.4% TNF-α Reduction Rate
+41% Gastric Motility Promotion

Jeju-grown Citrus peel contained 28% higher hesperidin than inland-grown peel, with significantly superior gastrointestinal inflammation suppression (TNF-α reduction) and gastric motility promotion effects.

2024
Narrative Review Digestive Disorders

Experimental Study on Anti-Inflammatory and Digestive-Promoting Effects of Jeju-Grown Citrus Peel (Jinpi)

Lee SH, Choi YJ, Han DW et al. 한국한의학연구원 논문집 (2024)
+28% Hesperidin Content Difference
62.4% TNF-α Reduction Rate
+41% Gastric Motility Promotion

Summary

Active component contents of Jeju-grown and inland-grown Citrus peel were compared, and anti-inflammatory and digestive-promoting effects were verified through in vitro and animal experiments.

Key Conclusion

Jeju-grown Citrus peel contained 28% higher hesperidin than inland-grown peel, with significantly superior gastrointestinal inflammation suppression (TNF-α reduction) and gastric motility promotion effects.
Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hepatotoxicity Risk in Herbal Medicine Treatment

Park MJ, Seo JH, Kim DH et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

15,847 subjects Subjects Analyzed
0.28% Liver Abnormality Incidence
1/3-1/5 level vs Western Medicine

The incidence of liver function abnormalities with herbal medicine prescribed by qualified Korean medicine doctors was 0.28%, significantly lower than conventional pharmaceuticals (0.7-1.4%). Concerns about hepatotoxicity from herbal medicine are overestimated.

2023
Systematic Review Wellness / Restoration

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hepatotoxicity Risk in Herbal Medicine Treatment

Park MJ, Seo JH, Kim DH et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
15,847 subjects Subjects Analyzed
0.28% Liver Abnormality Incidence
1/3-1/5 level vs Western Medicine

Summary

Meta-analysis of 45 studies (total 15,847 subjects) published from 2010-2023 on the incidence of liver function abnormalities during herbal medicine treatment.

Key Conclusion

The incidence of liver function abnormalities with herbal medicine prescribed by qualified Korean medicine doctors was 0.28%, significantly lower than conventional pharmaceuticals (0.7-1.4%). Concerns about hepatotoxicity from herbal medicine are overestimated.
Cohort Study Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Anti-Fatigue and Immune Modulation Effects of Gyeongokgo: A Prospective Cohort Study

Cho HJ, Yang SB, Ryu KH et al.

대한한방내과학회지 (2024)

42% Fatigue Reduction
+35% NK Cell Activity Increase
+28 points Quality of Life Improvement

The Gyeongokgo group showed a 42% reduction in Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score from baseline, with significantly increased NK cell activity (p<0.01).

2024
Cohort Study Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏)

Anti-Fatigue and Immune Modulation Effects of Gyeongokgo: A Prospective Cohort Study

Cho HJ, Yang SB, Ryu KH et al. 대한한방내과학회지 (2024)
42% Fatigue Reduction
+35% NK Cell Activity Increase
+28 points Quality of Life Improvement

Summary

Tracking observation of fatigue and immune marker changes after 12 weeks of Gyeongokgo administration in 80 chronic fatigue patients.

Key Conclusion

The Gyeongokgo group showed a 42% reduction in Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score from baseline, with significantly increased NK cell activity (p<0.01).
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Combined Herbal Treatment on Pain and Function Improvement in Degenerative Arthritis Patients

Jung YS, Kim HJ, Lee JW et al.

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2023)

23% Additional Pain Reduction
+18 points WOMAC Improvement
37% Analgesic Use Reduction

The combined herbal medicine group showed an additional 23% reduction in VAS pain scores compared to standard care, with significant improvement in WOMAC function scores (p<0.05).

2023
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Combined Herbal Treatment on Pain and Function Improvement in Degenerative Arthritis Patients

Jung YS, Kim HJ, Lee JW et al. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2023)
23% Additional Pain Reduction
+18 points WOMAC Improvement
37% Analgesic Use Reduction

Summary

Comparison of 12-week treatment effects between standard care alone and combined herbal medicine groups in 96 patients with degenerative arthritis.

Key Conclusion

The combined herbal medicine group showed an additional 23% reduction in VAS pain scores compared to standard care, with significant improvement in WOMAC function scores (p<0.05).
Narrative Review Wellness / Restoration

Comparative Study of Active Component Extraction Rates by Herbal Decoction Temperature

Hwang JY, Bae KH, Song YR et al.

생약학회지 (2024)

+34% Glycoside Preservation Rate
+52% Essential Oil Preservation
+21% Total Efficacy Markers

Low-temperature extraction at 85°C preserved heat-sensitive glycosides and essential oil components an average of 34% more than high-temperature extraction at 100°C, with significantly superior total efficacy marker components.

2024
Narrative Review Wellness / Restoration

Comparative Study of Active Component Extraction Rates by Herbal Decoction Temperature

Hwang JY, Bae KH, Song YR et al. 생약학회지 (2024)
+34% Glycoside Preservation Rate
+52% Essential Oil Preservation
+21% Total Efficacy Markers

Summary

Active component contents of 20 major medicinal herbs were comparatively analyzed by HPLC under 70°C, 85°C, and 100°C extraction conditions.

Key Conclusion

Low-temperature extraction at 85°C preserved heat-sensitive glycosides and essential oil components an average of 34% more than high-temperature extraction at 100°C, with significantly superior total efficacy marker components.
Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Systematic Review of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA): Analysis of 32 RCTs

Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen X, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

Herbal medicine treatment is effective for increasing hair density and suppressing hair loss progression in androgenetic alopecia, and unlike finasteride, no sexual function-related side effects were reported.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Systematic Review of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA): Analysis of 32 RCTs

Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen X, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

Summary

Analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials (total 2,876 subjects) showed that combined herbal prescriptions significantly increased hair density in androgenetic alopecia patients, with treatment response rates showing significant differences between the herbal medicine group at 76.3% and the control group at 48.1%.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment is effective for increasing hair density and suppressing hair loss progression in androgenetic alopecia, and unlike finasteride, no sexual function-related side effects were reported.

View Full Paper
Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Male Climacteric Syndrome (LOH)

Pan C, Zhang L, Zhu Q, et al.

The Aging Male (2020)

Herbal medicine treatment is effective for improving male climacteric symptoms and can be a safe alternative with fewer side effects compared with hormone replacement therapy.

View Source 2020
Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Male Climacteric Syndrome (LOH)

Pan C, Zhang L, Zhu Q, et al. The Aging Male (2020)

Summary

A systematic review analyzing the effect of herbal medicine treatment in patients with male climacteric syndrome (Late-Onset Hypogonadism). The herbal medicine administration group showed significant improvement in Aging Males Symptoms (AMS) scores, and improvement in testosterone levels was also confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment is effective for improving male climacteric symptoms and can be a safe alternative with fewer side effects compared with hormone replacement therapy.

View Full Paper
Meta-Analysis Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Combined Herbal Prescriptions on Erectile Dysfunction Improvement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cui T, Lin Y, Gao J, et al.

The Journal of Sexual Medicine (2016)

Herbal medicine treatment has significant effects on improving erectile dysfunction and can be safely used without sexual function-related side effects.

View Source 2016
Meta-Analysis Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Combined Herbal Prescriptions on Erectile Dysfunction Improvement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cui T, Lin Y, Gao J, et al. The Journal of Sexual Medicine (2016)

Summary

A meta-analysis analyzing the effect of herbal medicine treatment in patients with erectile dysfunction. The herbal medicine administration group showed significant improvement in IIEF-5 scores, and additional improvement effects were confirmed when combined with PDE5 inhibitors alone.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment has significant effects on improving erectile dysfunction and can be safely used without sexual function-related side effects.

View Full Paper
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Pulmonary Function-Improving Effect of Bopyeikgi-tang for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Randomized Controlled Trial

이동원, 김상혁, 정민영

대한한방내과학회지 (2022)

14.2% FEV1 improvement
41% Acute exacerbation reduction
78 patients Study population

Bopyeikgi-tang is effective for improving pulmonary function and preventing acute exacerbations in COPD patients, with synergistic effects observed when combined with conventional Western medicine.

View Source 2022
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Pulmonary Function-Improving Effect of Bopyeikgi-tang for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Randomized Controlled Trial

이동원, 김상혁, 정민영 대한한방내과학회지 (2022)
14.2% FEV1 improvement
41% Acute exacerbation reduction
78 patients Study population
12 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

In 78 COPD patients, comparison between a Bopyeikgi-tang treatment group and a control group showed significant improvement in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) after 12 weeks of treatment, with reduced frequency of acute exacerbations.

Key Conclusion

Bopyeikgi-tang is effective for improving pulmonary function and preventing acute exacerbations in COPD patients, with synergistic effects observed when combined with conventional Western medicine.

View Full Paper
Systematic Review Lower Back Pain

Systematic Review of Spinal Degenerative Imaging Findings in Asymptomatic Populations

W. Brinjikji, P.H. Luetmer, B. Comstock, B.W. Bresnahan, L.E. Chen, R.A. Deyo, S. Halabi, J.A. Turner, A.L. Avins, K. James, J.T. Wald, D.F. Kallmes, J.G. Jarvik

American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR) (2015)

33 studies, 3,110 subjects Analyzed Studies
Age 20: 37% → Age 80: 96% Disc Degeneration
Age 20: 30% → Age 80: 84% Disc Bulging

Spinal degenerative imaging findings appear at very high rates even in asymptomatic populations, with prevalence sharply rising with age. Therefore, these findings should be regarded as part of the normal aging process and must always be interpreted alongside the patient's clinical symptoms.

View Source 2015
Systematic Review Lower Back Pain

Systematic Review of Spinal Degenerative Imaging Findings in Asymptomatic Populations

W. Brinjikji, P.H. Luetmer, B. Comstock, B.W. Bresnahan, L.E. Chen, R.A. Deyo, S. Halabi, J.A. Turner, A.L. Avins, K. James, J.T. Wald, D.F. Kallmes, J.G. Jarvik American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR) (2015)
33 studies, 3,110 subjects Analyzed Studies
Age 20: 37% → Age 80: 96% Disc Degeneration
Age 20: 30% → Age 80: 84% Disc Bulging
Age 20: 29% → Age 80: 43% Disc Protrusion

Summary

Degenerative findings detected on spinal MRI or CT, such as disc degeneration and disc protrusion, are commonly seen not only in low back pain patients but also in pain-free individuals. This paper systematically organized the age-specific prevalence of spinal degenerative imaging findings in asymptomatic (pain-free) populations to clarify that such findings may not necessarily indicate a pathological condition.

Key Conclusion

Spinal degenerative imaging findings appear at very high rates even in asymptomatic populations, with prevalence sharply rising with age. Therefore, these findings should be regarded as part of the normal aging process and must always be interpreted alongside the patient's clinical symptoms.

View Full Paper