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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Before-After Neck Pain

MRI Image Changes with Chuna Therapy in Cervical Disc Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Chung HJ, Shin BC, Kim BH, et al.

Spine (2021)

73% Structural Improvement Rate
52 subjects Participants

Chuna therapy can induce structural changes in cervical disc herniation, confirmable by imaging.

View Source 2021
Before-After Neck Pain

MRI Image Changes with Chuna Therapy in Cervical Disc Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Chung HJ, Shin BC, Kim BH, et al. Spine (2021)
73% Structural Improvement Rate
52 subjects Participants

Summary

Chuna therapy was administered 3 times weekly for 12 weeks to 52 patients with cervical disc herniation, and pre- and post-treatment MRI was compared. After treatment, disc herniation size decreased by an average of 2.3 mm, and significant structural changes were observed in 38 patients (73%).

Key Conclusion

Chuna therapy can induce structural changes in cervical disc herniation, confirmable by imaging.

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Systematic Review Neck Pain

Effect of Motion-Style Acupuncture Treatment for Cervical Pain: A Systematic Review

Nam SS, Kim YJ, Park HJ, et al.

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2023)

86% Immediate Pain Reduction Rate
542 subjects Total Participants

Motion-style acupuncture treatment is more effective than regular acupuncture treatment for immediate pain relief and functional improvement in cervical pain.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Neck Pain

Effect of Motion-Style Acupuncture Treatment for Cervical Pain: A Systematic Review

Nam SS, Kim YJ, Park HJ, et al. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2023)
86% Immediate Pain Reduction Rate
542 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Ten studies investigating the effect of motion-style acupuncture treatment (MSAT) for cervical pain were systematically analyzed. Motion-style acupuncture treatment showed greater immediate pain reduction effects compared with regular acupuncture treatment and superior results in ROM improvement.

Key Conclusion

Motion-style acupuncture treatment is more effective than regular acupuncture treatment for immediate pain relief and functional improvement in cervical pain.

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Cross-Sectional Neck Pain

Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and Korean Medicine Treatment Response in Chronic Cervical Pain Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Kwon CY, Lee B, Kim SY, et al.

Pain Medicine (2024)

78% General Group Treatment Response Rate
312 subjects Participants

Psychosocial factors in chronic cervical pain patients significantly affect Korean medicine treatment response, requiring an integrated approach.

View Source 2024
Cross-Sectional Neck Pain

Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and Korean Medicine Treatment Response in Chronic Cervical Pain Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Kwon CY, Lee B, Kim SY, et al. Pain Medicine (2024)
78% General Group Treatment Response Rate
312 subjects Participants

Summary

The relationship between depression, anxiety, catastrophizing levels and Korean medicine treatment response rate was analyzed in 312 chronic cervical pain patients. Patients with high catastrophizing scores showed significantly lower treatment response rates (52% vs 78%), suggesting the need for combined psychological intervention.

Key Conclusion

Psychosocial factors in chronic cervical pain patients significantly affect Korean medicine treatment response, requiring an integrated approach.

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RCT Neck Pain

Muscle Relaxation Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Cervical Sprain: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial

Sung WS, Jeong SH, Lim JH, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)

73% Muscle Tension Reduction Rate
88 subjects Participants

Herbal medicine treatment has significant effects on muscle relaxation in cervical sprain, confirmed by objective EMG indicators.

View Source 2023
RCT Neck Pain

Muscle Relaxation Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Cervical Sprain: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial

Sung WS, Jeong SH, Lim JH, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023)
73% Muscle Tension Reduction Rate
88 subjects Participants

Summary

Eighty-eight patients with acute cervical sprain were randomly double-blind assigned to herbal medicine treatment and placebo groups for 2 weeks of treatment. The herbal medicine treatment group showed significantly reduced muscle tension of the upper trapezius on EMG, and VAS pain scores also improved more substantially compared with the placebo group.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment has significant effects on muscle relaxation in cervical sprain, confirmed by objective EMG indicators.

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Before-After Neck Pain

Effect of Shinbaro Pharmacopuncture in Cervical Disc Herniation: A Prospective Observational Study

Cho YJ, Park JM, Kim KH, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

82% Radicular Pain Improvement Rate
76 subjects Participants

Shinbaro pharmacopuncture is an effective treatment for pain and structural improvement of cervical disc herniation.

View Source 2022
Before-After Neck Pain

Effect of Shinbaro Pharmacopuncture in Cervical Disc Herniation: A Prospective Observational Study

Cho YJ, Park JM, Kim KH, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
82% Radicular Pain Improvement Rate
76 subjects Participants

Summary

Shinbaro pharmacopuncture was administered twice weekly for 8 weeks to 76 patients with cervical disc herniation. After treatment, NRS pain scores decreased from 7.2 to 3.1, and upper limb radicular pain improved in 82% of patients. Disc size reduction on follow-up MRI was observed in 45% of patients.

Key Conclusion

Shinbaro pharmacopuncture is an effective treatment for pain and structural improvement of cervical disc herniation.

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RCT Neck Pain

Combined Effect of Acupuncture Treatment and Postural Correction Exercise for Forward Head Posture Correction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Oh SY, Ha IH, Lee YJ, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)

8.3° CVA Improvement
120 subjects Participants

The combination of acupuncture treatment and postural correction exercise shows synergistic effects in forward head posture correction.

View Source 2023
RCT Neck Pain

Combined Effect of Acupuncture Treatment and Postural Correction Exercise for Forward Head Posture Correction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Oh SY, Ha IH, Lee YJ, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)
8.3° CVA Improvement
120 subjects Participants

Summary

One hundred twenty patients with forward head posture syndrome were randomly assigned to acupuncture + exercise, acupuncture alone, and exercise alone groups. After 8 weeks, the combined group showed the greatest improvement in craniovertebral angle (CVA) (8.3° vs 4.9° vs 3.8°), with the best pain and function indicators.

Key Conclusion

The combination of acupuncture treatment and postural correction exercise shows synergistic effects in forward head posture correction.

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Meta-Analysis Neck Pain

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Non-Surgical Treatment for Cervical Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis

Kim MR, Shin JS, Lee J, et al.

Spine (2024)

62% Cost Ratio vs. Surgery
3,412 subjects Total Participants

Korean medicine non-surgical treatment is a cost-effective treatment alternative for cervical disc herniation.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Neck Pain

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Non-Surgical Treatment for Cervical Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis

Kim MR, Shin JS, Lee J, et al. Spine (2024)
62% Cost Ratio vs. Surgery
3,412 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Nine studies comparing the cost-effectiveness of Korean medicine non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment for cervical disc herniation were meta-analyzed. The cost per QALY of Korean medicine non-surgical treatment was only 62% of surgical treatment, with significantly lower complication rates.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine non-surgical treatment is a cost-effective treatment alternative for cervical disc herniation.

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Cohort Study Neck Pain

Relationship Between Sleep Disorders and Korean Medicine Treatment Effects in Cervical Pain Patients: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Lyu YS, Jung IC, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

64% Sleep-Pain Correlation Coefficient
198 subjects Participants

Concurrent treatment of sleep disorders in cervical pain patients contributes to enhancing pain management effects.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Neck Pain

Relationship Between Sleep Disorders and Korean Medicine Treatment Effects in Cervical Pain Patients: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Lyu YS, Jung IC, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
64% Sleep-Pain Correlation Coefficient
198 subjects Participants

Summary

The correlation between sleep quality improvement and pain reduction after Korean medicine treatment was followed for 12 weeks in 198 patients with cervical pain and sleep disorders. The group with improved sleep quality showed greater pain reduction, and a positive correlation between PSQI and VAS (r=0.64) was confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Concurrent treatment of sleep disorders in cervical pain patients contributes to enhancing pain management effects.

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Case Study Traffic Accident Aftercare

Effect of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Cervical Whiplash Injury After Traffic Accident: A Case Report

Do KH, Choi AR, Yun YJ, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

100% Treatment Response Rate
8 subjects Participants

Korean medicine combined treatment is an effective conservative treatment method for cervical whiplash injury.

View Source 2023
Case Study Traffic Accident Aftercare

Effect of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Cervical Whiplash Injury After Traffic Accident: A Case Report

Do KH, Choi AR, Yun YJ, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
100% Treatment Response Rate
8 subjects Participants

Summary

A case report on 8 patients with cervical whiplash injury after traffic accident who received combined treatment including acupuncture, cupping, Korean medicine physical therapy, and herbal medicine for 8 weeks. VAS pain scores decreased by more than 50% in all patients, and return to daily life was possible.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment is an effective conservative treatment method for cervical whiplash injury.

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Narrative Review Neck Pain

Mechanism Study on the Thermal Effect of Korean Medicine Physical Therapy for Cervical Pain: A Narrative Review

Woo HS, Choi JY, Son CG, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)

72% Muscle Relaxation Effect
38 studies Analyzed Studies

The thermal effects of Korean medicine physical therapy contribute to cervical pain relief through multiple mechanisms.

View Source 2022
Narrative Review Neck Pain

Mechanism Study on the Thermal Effect of Korean Medicine Physical Therapy for Cervical Pain: A Narrative Review

Woo HS, Choi JY, Son CG, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)
72% Muscle Relaxation Effect
38 studies Analyzed Studies

Summary

The thermal effect mechanisms of Korean medicine physical therapy (moxibustion, infrared, hot pack, TDP) for cervical pain were reviewed. Thermal stimulation was confirmed to increase local blood flow, promote muscle relaxation, and raise pain threshold. Moxibustion treatment particularly promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion.

Key Conclusion

The thermal effects of Korean medicine physical therapy contribute to cervical pain relief through multiple mechanisms.

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RCT Neck Pain

Effect of Chuna Therapy Protocol for Straight Neck Correction: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Kang BK, Lee NR, Im SH, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)

8.7° Cervical Lordosis Angle Increase
178 subjects Participants

The standardized chuna therapy protocol is more effective than exercise therapy for straight neck correction.

View Source 2024
RCT Neck Pain

Effect of Chuna Therapy Protocol for Straight Neck Correction: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Kang BK, Lee NR, Im SH, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)
8.7° Cervical Lordosis Angle Increase
178 subjects Participants

Summary

One hundred seventy-eight straight neck patients from 5 Korean medicine hospitals were compared between a standardized chuna therapy protocol group and an exercise therapy control group. After 16 weeks, the chuna therapy group showed an average 8.7-degree increase in cervical lordosis angle, significantly improved compared with the exercise therapy group (4.2 degrees).

Key Conclusion

The standardized chuna therapy protocol is more effective than exercise therapy for straight neck correction.

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Cross-Sectional Neck Pain

Pharmacopuncture Injection Point Study for Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Ahn YC, Song BK, Lee JM, et al.

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2022)

78.4% Acupoint-Trigger Point Concordance Rate
230 subjects Participants

The high concordance rate between acupoints and trigger points supports the theoretical basis of pharmacopuncture treatment.

View Source 2022
Cross-Sectional Neck Pain

Pharmacopuncture Injection Point Study for Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Ahn YC, Song BK, Lee JM, et al. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2022)
78.4% Acupoint-Trigger Point Concordance Rate
230 subjects Participants

Summary

The correlation between trigger point distribution and pharmacopuncture injection points was investigated in 230 patients with upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome. Concordance rate between acupoints and trigger points was 78.4%, with the highest concordance at Pungji (GB20) and Gyeonjeong (GB21).

Key Conclusion

The high concordance rate between acupoints and trigger points supports the theoretical basis of pharmacopuncture treatment.

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