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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Elbow Pain

Comparison of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture and NSAIDs for Medial Epicondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Seo JC, Yook TH, Park YC, et al.

Pain Medicine (2023)

81% Pain Reduction Rate
78 subjects Participants

Bee venom pharmacopuncture demonstrates equivalent efficacy to NSAIDs in medial epicondylitis with superior safety profile.

View Source 2023
RCT Elbow Pain

Comparison of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture and NSAIDs for Medial Epicondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Seo JC, Yook TH, Park YC, et al. Pain Medicine (2023)
81% Pain Reduction Rate
78 subjects Participants

Summary

Seventy-eight patients with medial epicondylitis were randomized to bee venom pharmacopuncture or NSAID groups for 6 weeks of treatment. The bee venom group showed equivalent pain reduction to NSAIDs while demonstrating significantly fewer side effects.

Key Conclusion

Bee venom pharmacopuncture demonstrates equivalent efficacy to NSAIDs in medial epicondylitis with superior safety profile.

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Before-After Elbow Pain

Biomechanical Analysis of Chuna Manipulation Effects in Tennis Elbow: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Ha DH, Kim GY, Shin BC, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

67% Muscle Tension Reduction
45 subjects Participants

Chuna manipulation induces significant biomechanical improvements in tennis elbow patients.

View Source 2024
Before-After Elbow Pain

Biomechanical Analysis of Chuna Manipulation Effects in Tennis Elbow: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Ha DH, Kim GY, Shin BC, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
67% Muscle Tension Reduction
45 subjects Participants

Summary

Forty-five patients with lateral epicondylitis received chuna manipulation, with biomechanical changes analyzed via pre- and post-treatment electromyography and ultrasound. Reduced forearm muscle tension and decreased tendon thickness were observed after chuna manipulation.

Key Conclusion

Chuna manipulation induces significant biomechanical improvements in tennis elbow patients.

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Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Long-term Follow-up Cohort Study of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Lateral Epicondylitis

Yoo JE, Min BW, Kang SY, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2025)

18% 1-Year Recurrence Rate
230 subjects Participants

Korean medicine combined treatment is effective for improving long-term prognosis of lateral epicondylitis.

View Source 2025
Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Long-term Follow-up Cohort Study of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Lateral Epicondylitis

Yoo JE, Min BW, Kang SY, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2025)
18% 1-Year Recurrence Rate
230 subjects Participants

Summary

Two hundred thirty patients with lateral epicondylitis were divided into Korean medicine combined treatment (acupuncture+pharmacopuncture+chuna) and conventional physical therapy groups, with 1-year follow-up. The Korean medicine group demonstrated significantly lower recurrence rates and superior long-term functional scores.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment is effective for improving long-term prognosis of lateral epicondylitis.

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RCT Elbow Pain

Comparative Study of Pharmacopuncture Dose-Effect Relationship in Chronic Elbow Joint Pain

Ahn CB, Kim CH, Lee KH, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)

86% High-Dose Group Pain Reduction
102 subjects Participants

Pharmacopuncture efficacy is dose-dependent, and appropriate dose setting is important for maximizing therapeutic effects.

View Source 2024
RCT Elbow Pain

Comparative Study of Pharmacopuncture Dose-Effect Relationship in Chronic Elbow Joint Pain

Ahn CB, Kim CH, Lee KH, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)
86% High-Dose Group Pain Reduction
102 subjects Participants

Summary

One hundred two patients with chronic elbow joint pain were assigned to low-dose pharmacopuncture, high-dose pharmacopuncture, or control groups. The high-dose group demonstrated the greatest pain reduction effect, confirming a dose-response relationship.

Key Conclusion

Pharmacopuncture efficacy is dose-dependent, and appropriate dose setting is important for maximizing therapeutic effects.

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Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Treatment for Tennis Elbow

Song MY, Kim EJ, Lim SC, et al.

Pain Medicine (2022)

32% Cost Reduction Rate
180 subjects Analyzed

Korean medicine treatment for tennis elbow is cost-effective compared with conventional treatment.

View Source 2022
Cohort Study Elbow Pain

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Treatment for Tennis Elbow

Song MY, Kim EJ, Lim SC, et al. Pain Medicine (2022)
32% Cost Reduction Rate
180 subjects Analyzed

Summary

Medical cost data of 180 patients with lateral epicondylitis were analyzed to compare cost-effectiveness between Korean medicine and conventional treatment. Korean medicine treatment showed lower cost per QALY, demonstrating superior cost-effectiveness.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment for tennis elbow is cost-effective compared with conventional treatment.

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Case Study Elbow Pain

Case Report of 10 Cases of Acupuncture Treatment for Golfer's Elbow

Hwang DS, Yoon EH, Kim SJ, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)

71% VAS Reduction Rate
10 cases Case Number

Acupuncture-centered Korean medicine treatment demonstrated significant clinical improvement in golfer's elbow patients.

View Source 2020
Case Study Elbow Pain

Case Report of 10 Cases of Acupuncture Treatment for Golfer's Elbow

Hwang DS, Yoon EH, Kim SJ, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)
71% VAS Reduction Rate
10 cases Case Number

Summary

Ten patients with medial epicondylitis received acupuncture-centered Korean medicine treatment in a reported case series. After an average of 4 weeks of treatment, VAS scores decreased from 7.2 to 2.1, and grip strength improved in all patients.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture-centered Korean medicine treatment demonstrated significant clinical improvement in golfer's elbow patients.

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RCT Elbow Pain

Combined Effect of Korean Medicine Physical Therapy and Exercise Therapy in Lateral Epicondylitis Patients

Baek SH, Noh JH, Yun YC, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

85% Pain Reduction Rate
76 subjects Participants

The combination of Korean medicine physical therapy and exercise therapy promotes recovery in lateral epicondylitis.

View Source 2023
RCT Elbow Pain

Combined Effect of Korean Medicine Physical Therapy and Exercise Therapy in Lateral Epicondylitis Patients

Baek SH, Noh JH, Yun YC, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
85% Pain Reduction Rate
76 subjects Participants

Summary

Seventy-six patients with lateral epicondylitis were assigned to Korean medicine physical therapy plus exercise therapy or exercise therapy monotherapy groups. The combination group demonstrated significantly superior pain reduction and functional improvement at both 4 and 8 weeks.

Key Conclusion

The combination of Korean medicine physical therapy and exercise therapy promotes recovery in lateral epicondylitis.

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Narrative Review Elbow Pain

Trends in Korean Medicine Treatment of Elbow Joint Pain: Analysis of Domestic Research over the Past Decade

Moon JY, Choi SM, Lee IS, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2021)

87 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period

Korean medicine research on elbow joint pain is growing both quantitatively and qualitatively, with accumulating evidence for various treatment methods.

View Source 2021
Narrative Review Elbow Pain

Trends in Korean Medicine Treatment of Elbow Joint Pain: Analysis of Domestic Research over the Past Decade

Moon JY, Choi SM, Lee IS, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2021)
87 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period

Summary

Eighty-seven Korean medicine studies on elbow joint pain published domestically from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. Acupuncture was the most studied modality, with research on pharmacopuncture and chuna manipulation showing an increasing trend.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine research on elbow joint pain is growing both quantitatively and qualitatively, with accumulating evidence for various treatment methods.

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Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Comparison of Pharmacopuncture and Steroid Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis: A Meta-analysis

Go HY, Park TY, Jang JB, et al.

Pain Medicine (2025)

12% 6-Month Recurrence Rate
684 subjects Total Participants

Pharmacopuncture demonstrates equivalent short-term efficacy to steroid injection with superior long-term prognosis.

View Source 2025
Meta-Analysis Elbow Pain

Comparison of Pharmacopuncture and Steroid Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis: A Meta-analysis

Go HY, Park TY, Jang JB, et al. Pain Medicine (2025)
12% 6-Month Recurrence Rate
684 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Nine randomized controlled trials (684 subjects total) comparing pharmacopuncture with steroid injection were meta-analyzed. Short-term (4-week) effects were equivalent, but the pharmacopuncture group showed significantly lower recurrence rates at long-term (6-month) follow-up.

Key Conclusion

Pharmacopuncture demonstrates equivalent short-term efficacy to steroid injection with superior long-term prognosis.

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Cross-Sectional Elbow Pain

Survey on Korean Medicine Healthcare Utilization Among Medial Epicondylitis Patients

Kang JW, Kim AR, Shin MS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

92% Acupuncture Utilization
428 subjects Surveyed

Korean medicine utilization for medial epicondylitis patients centers on acupuncture, with various treatments used in combination.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Elbow Pain

Survey on Korean Medicine Healthcare Utilization Among Medial Epicondylitis Patients

Kang JW, Kim AR, Shin MS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
92% Acupuncture Utilization
428 subjects Surveyed

Summary

A cross-sectional survey of 428 patients visiting Korean medicine institutions for medial epicondylitis was conducted on treatment utilization patterns. Acupuncture (92%), Korean medicine physical therapy (76%), and pharmacopuncture (54%) were the most utilized treatments.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine utilization for medial epicondylitis patients centers on acupuncture, with various treatments used in combination.

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Before-After Elbow Pain

Study of Immunomodulatory Mechanism of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Tennis Elbow

Lee SY, Kim KS, Ha IH, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2021)

64% Immune Marker Improvement
56 subjects Participants

The therapeutic effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture in tennis elbow is associated with immunomodulatory mechanisms.

View Source 2021
Before-After Elbow Pain

Study of Immunomodulatory Mechanism of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Tennis Elbow

Lee SY, Kim KS, Ha IH, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2021)
64% Immune Marker Improvement
56 subjects Participants

Summary

Blood immune indicators were analyzed before and after bee venom pharmacopuncture treatment in 56 patients with lateral epicondylitis. Th1/Th2 balance was improved and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels increased after treatment.

Key Conclusion

The therapeutic effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture in tennis elbow is associated with immunomodulatory mechanisms.

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Before-After Elbow Pain

Effect of Chuna Manipulation Considering the Cervical-Upper Limb Movement Chain on Lateral Epicondylitis Patients

Byun SH, Koh WU, Lee GM, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

78% Pain Reduction Rate
63 subjects Participants

Chuna manipulation considering movement chains is effective in fundamentally addressing lateral epicondylitis.

View Source 2024
Before-After Elbow Pain

Effect of Chuna Manipulation Considering the Cervical-Upper Limb Movement Chain on Lateral Epicondylitis Patients

Byun SH, Koh WU, Lee GM, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
78% Pain Reduction Rate
63 subjects Participants

Summary

Sixty-three patients with lateral epicondylitis received chuna manipulation considering the entire upper limb movement chain. After treatment, cervical range of motion, shoulder flexibility, and elbow joint pain all showed significant improvement.

Key Conclusion

Chuna manipulation considering movement chains is effective in fundamentally addressing lateral epicondylitis.

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