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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 1642 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Shoulder Pain

Joint Capsule Flexibility Recovery Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment in Frozen Shoulder Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial

Cho YJ, Nam DH, Kim KW, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)

23.6° External rotation improvement
98 patients Participants

Dokhwalgisaeng-tang shows significant effects on joint capsule flexibility recovery in frozen shoulder patients.

View Source 2024
RCT Shoulder Pain

Joint Capsule Flexibility Recovery Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment in Frozen Shoulder Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial

Cho YJ, Nam DH, Kim KW, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)
23.6° External rotation improvement
98 patients Participants

Summary

Ninety-eight frozen shoulder patients were assigned in a double-blind manner to a Dokhwalgisaeng-tang or placebo group and treated for 8 weeks. The herbal medicine group showed significant ROM improvement, with particularly large differences in external rotation (23.6 degrees vs 14.2 degrees) and internal rotation (18.9 degrees vs 11.3 degrees).

Key Conclusion

Dokhwalgisaeng-tang shows significant effects on joint capsule flexibility recovery in frozen shoulder patients.

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Cohort Study Shoulder Pain

Effect of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation After Rotator Cuff Injury: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Baek YH, Heo KH, et al.

Pain Medicine (2022)

34.2 points ASES score improvement
178 patients Participants

Korean medicine rehabilitation shows superior functional recovery compared to Western medicine rehabilitation in conservative management of rotator cuff injury.

View Source 2022
Cohort Study Shoulder Pain

Effect of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation After Rotator Cuff Injury: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Baek YH, Heo KH, et al. Pain Medicine (2022)
34.2 points ASES score improvement
178 patients Participants

Summary

One hundred seventy-eight patients who chose conservative treatment after rotator cuff injury were followed for 24 weeks, divided into Korean medicine rehabilitation and Western medicine rehabilitation groups. The Korean medicine rehabilitation group showed significantly superior ASES score improvement (34.2 vs 28.7 points) and muscle strength recovery.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine rehabilitation shows superior functional recovery compared to Western medicine rehabilitation in conservative management of rotator cuff injury.

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Meta-Analysis Shoulder Pain

Effect of Acupuncture for Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hong JY, Park TY, Shin KM, et al.

The Journal of Pain (2023)

2.14 points VAS reduction
1,456 patients Total participants

Acupuncture is an effective treatment with moderate or higher evidence for pain, function, and ROM improvement in shoulder impingement syndrome.

View Source 2023
Meta-Analysis Shoulder Pain

Effect of Acupuncture for Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hong JY, Park TY, Shin KM, et al. The Journal of Pain (2023)
2.14 points VAS reduction
1,456 patients Total participants

Summary

A meta-analysis of 19 RCTs evaluating acupuncture for shoulder impingement syndrome. Acupuncture showed significant improvements compared to controls in VAS pain scores (MD=-2.14), Constant-Murley scores (MD=12.8), and abduction ROM (MD=15.3 degrees).

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture is an effective treatment with moderate or higher evidence for pain, function, and ROM improvement in shoulder impingement syndrome.

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RCT Shoulder Pain

Comparison of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture Concentration Effects for Periarthritis of Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kang BK, Lee WY, Son DJ, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

83% High concentration group efficacy rate
126 patients Participants

Differences in effects according to bee venom pharmacopuncture concentration were confirmed, and selection of appropriate concentration based on patient condition is important.

View Source 2024
RCT Shoulder Pain

Comparison of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture Concentration Effects for Periarthritis of Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kang BK, Lee WY, Son DJ, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
83% High concentration group efficacy rate
126 patients Participants

Summary

One hundred twenty-six patients with periarthritis of shoulder were assigned to bee venom pharmacopuncture 1:10000, 1:30000, or saline control groups. After 8 weeks, the 1:10000 group showed the greatest pain reduction and ROM improvement but more local reactions. The 1:30000 group showed moderate effects with high safety.

Key Conclusion

Differences in effects according to bee venom pharmacopuncture concentration were confirmed, and selection of appropriate concentration based on patient condition is important.

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Narrative Review Shoulder Pain

Stage-Based Korean Medicine Treatment Strategies for Frozen Shoulder: A Narrative Review

Lee NR, Im SH, Kwon OJ, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)

3 stages Treatment strategy classification
45 studies Analyzed papers

Stage-based Korean medicine treatment strategies for frozen shoulder enable optimized treatment for each stage of disease.

View Source 2021
Narrative Review Shoulder Pain

Stage-Based Korean Medicine Treatment Strategies for Frozen Shoulder: A Narrative Review

Lee NR, Im SH, Kwon OJ, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)
3 stages Treatment strategy classification
45 studies Analyzed papers

Summary

Korean medicine treatment strategies suitable for each stage of frozen shoulder (freezing, frozen, thawing) were reviewed based on literature. A staged approach focusing on pain control in the freezing stage, joint mobility recovery in the frozen stage, and functional strengthening in the thawing stage was confirmed as effective.

Key Conclusion

Stage-based Korean medicine treatment strategies for frozen shoulder enable optimized treatment for each stage of disease.

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Before-After Shoulder Pain

Effects of Intra-Articular Pharmacopuncture Administration in Frozen Shoulder Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Sung WS, Do KH, Choi AR, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)

78% Nocturnal pain resolution rate
54 patients Participants

Ultrasound-guided intra-articular pharmacopuncture is effective for ROM recovery and nocturnal pain resolution in frozen shoulder.

View Source 2022
Before-After Shoulder Pain

Effects of Intra-Articular Pharmacopuncture Administration in Frozen Shoulder Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Sung WS, Do KH, Choi AR, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)
78% Nocturnal pain resolution rate
54 patients Participants

Summary

Ultrasound-guided intra-articular pharmacopuncture was performed once weekly for 8 weeks in 54 frozen shoulder patients. After treatment, joint ROM improved by 31.2 degrees in external rotation, 28.7 degrees in abduction, and 19.4 degrees in internal rotation, with nocturnal pain resolved in 78% of patients.

Key Conclusion

Ultrasound-guided intra-articular pharmacopuncture is effective for ROM recovery and nocturnal pain resolution in frozen shoulder.

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RCT Shoulder Pain

Biomechanical Effects of Chuna Therapy for Rotator Cuff Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jang SH, Yoon EH, Kim HJ, et al.

Spine (2024)

1.8 mm AHD increase
88 patients Participants

Chuna therapy is effective for securing acromiohumeral distance and correcting scapular movement patterns in rotator cuff disease.

View Source 2024
RCT Shoulder Pain

Biomechanical Effects of Chuna Therapy for Rotator Cuff Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jang SH, Yoon EH, Kim HJ, et al. Spine (2024)
1.8 mm AHD increase
88 patients Participants

Summary

Eighty-eight patients with rotator cuff disease were assigned to Chuna therapy or exercise therapy control groups. After 8 weeks, the Chuna therapy group showed significant increase in acromiohumeral distance (AHD) (1.8 mm vs 0.7 mm), with scapular movement patterns also improved toward normalization.

Key Conclusion

Chuna therapy is effective for securing acromiohumeral distance and correcting scapular movement patterns in rotator cuff disease.

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Cross-Sectional Shoulder Pain

Characteristics of Tenderness Distribution at Acupoints in Patients with Shoulder Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Chae Y, Song BK, Lee JM, et al.

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2023)

4 points Significant acupoints
384 patients Participants

Tenderness at specific acupoints can be utilized as an objective evaluation indicator for shoulder pain.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Shoulder Pain

Characteristics of Tenderness Distribution at Acupoints in Patients with Shoulder Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Chae Y, Song BK, Lee JM, et al. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies (2023)
4 points Significant acupoints
384 patients Participants

Summary

Tenderness at acupoints around the shoulder joint was compared in 256 patients with shoulder pain and 128 healthy controls. The patient group showed significantly lower tenderness thresholds at LI15, TE14, LI14, and SI11, with high correlation to pain intensity.

Key Conclusion

Tenderness at specific acupoints can be utilized as an objective evaluation indicator for shoulder pain.

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RCT Shoulder Pain

Calcium Absorption Promoting Effect of Acupuncture in Calcific Tendinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Oh SY, Lee YJ, Ha IH, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

58.3% Calcium size reduction
82 patients Participants

Acupuncture shows similar calcium absorption and superior pain relief compared to extracorporeal shockwave therapy in calcific tendinitis.

View Source 2023
RCT Shoulder Pain

Calcium Absorption Promoting Effect of Acupuncture in Calcific Tendinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Oh SY, Lee YJ, Ha IH, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
58.3% Calcium size reduction
82 patients Participants

Summary

Eighty-two patients with calcific tendinitis were assigned to acupuncture or extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) control groups. After 12 weeks, calcium size reduction rates on X-ray were similar (acupuncture 58.3%, ESWT 52.1%), but the acupuncture group was superior in pain reduction (VAS 2.1 vs 3.4).

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture shows similar calcium absorption and superior pain relief compared to extracorporeal shockwave therapy in calcific tendinitis.

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Cohort Study Shoulder Pain

Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction with Korean Medicine in Patients with Periarthritis of Shoulder: A Cohort Study

Seol IC, Park JK, Kim YS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2024)

87.6% Treatment satisfaction
324 patients Participants

Korean medicine contributes to quality of life improvement in periarthritis of shoulder patients with high patient satisfaction.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Shoulder Pain

Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction with Korean Medicine in Patients with Periarthritis of Shoulder: A Cohort Study

Seol IC, Park JK, Kim YS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2024)
87.6% Treatment satisfaction
324 patients Participants

Summary

Three hundred twenty-four patients receiving Korean medicine for periarthritis of shoulder were followed for 16 weeks for quality of life (SF-36) and treatment satisfaction. SF-36 physical domain scores improved by an average of 18.4 points after treatment, with high overall treatment satisfaction at 87.6%.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine contributes to quality of life improvement in periarthritis of shoulder patients with high patient satisfaction.

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Systematic Review Shoulder Pain

Comparison of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy and Physiotherapy for Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review

Choi TY, Lee MS, Kim JI, et al.

Pain Medicine (2021)

88% Korean medicine efficacy rate
978 patients Total participants

Korean medicine combination therapy is more effective than physiotherapy for range of motion recovery in frozen shoulder.

View Source 2021
Systematic Review Shoulder Pain

Comparison of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy and Physiotherapy for Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review

Choi TY, Lee MS, Kim JI, et al. Pain Medicine (2021)
88% Korean medicine efficacy rate
978 patients Total participants

Summary

Thirteen RCTs comparing Korean medicine combination therapy and physiotherapy for frozen shoulder were systematically analyzed. Korean medicine combination therapy showed superior results in ROM recovery (especially external rotation) and nocturnal pain reduction compared to physiotherapy, with higher overall efficacy rates.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combination therapy is more effective than physiotherapy for range of motion recovery in frozen shoulder.

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RCT Shoulder Pain

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Adhesion Effects of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kim JU, Yim YK, Bae GT, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)

69% Adhesion reduction rate
110 patients Participants

Bee venom pharmacopuncture contributes to joint mobility recovery through anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion effects in frozen shoulder.

View Source 2022
RCT Shoulder Pain

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Adhesion Effects of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kim JU, Yim YK, Bae GT, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)
69% Adhesion reduction rate
110 patients Participants

Summary

One hundred ten frozen shoulder patients were assigned to bee venom pharmacopuncture or saline injection control groups and treated for 10 weeks. The bee venom group showed significant changes in serum TGF-beta and collagen degradation markers, with observed reduction of intra-articular adhesions on ultrasound.

Key Conclusion

Bee venom pharmacopuncture contributes to joint mobility recovery through anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion effects in frozen shoulder.

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