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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 71 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Steroid-Reducing Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Pediatric Asthma: An RCT

Lee KH, Chung YJ, et al.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2025)

80 patients Participants
65% vs 35% Reduction success rate
24 weeks Observation period

Herbal medicine combination may contribute to inhaled steroid reduction in pediatric asthma patients.

View Source 2025
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Steroid-Reducing Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Pediatric Asthma: An RCT

Lee KH, Chung YJ, et al. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2025)
80 patients Participants
65% vs 35% Reduction success rate
24 weeks Observation period

Summary

Eighty pediatric asthma patients using inhaled steroids were randomly assigned to an herbal medicine combination group or placebo combination group, and steroid reduction was attempted over 24 weeks. The herbal medicine group had a significantly higher steroid reduction success rate.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine combination may contribute to inhaled steroid reduction in pediatric asthma patients.

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Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Correlation Between Korean Medicine Pattern Types and Cough Causes in Chronic Cough Patients

Kwon MJ, Han BS, et al.

Lung (2023)

250 patients Analysis population
5 types Pattern types
p<0.01 Significant association

Korean medicine pattern differentiation provides complementary information for differential diagnosis of chronic cough causes.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Correlation Between Korean Medicine Pattern Types and Cough Causes in Chronic Cough Patients

Kwon MJ, Han BS, et al. Lung (2023)
250 patients Analysis population
5 types Pattern types
p<0.01 Significant association

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing correlations between Korean medicine pattern types and Western medical causes of cough (UACS, CVA, GERD, etc.) in 250 patients with chronic cough. Wind-cold pattern showed significant association with UACS, and yin-deficiency pattern with CVA.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern differentiation provides complementary information for differential diagnosis of chronic cough causes.

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RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Tai Chi and Herbal Medicine in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COPD Patients: An RCT

Seo DH, Kim BJ, Nguyen HT, et al.

Respiratory Research (2024)

120 patients Participants
3-arm comparison Study design
12 weeks Treatment duration

Combination of Tai Chi and herbal medicine shows synergistic effects in COPD pulmonary rehabilitation.

View Source 2024
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Combined Tai Chi and Herbal Medicine in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COPD Patients: An RCT

Seo DH, Kim BJ, Nguyen HT, et al. Respiratory Research (2024)
120 patients Participants
3-arm comparison Study design
12 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

One hundred twenty COPD patients were randomly assigned to Tai Chi plus herbal medicine, Tai Chi alone, or control groups and compared over 12 weeks. The Tai Chi plus herbal medicine group showed the greatest improvements in FEV1, 6-minute walk distance, and CAT scores.

Key Conclusion

Combination of Tai Chi and herbal medicine shows synergistic effects in COPD pulmonary rehabilitation.

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Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Association Between Sputum Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation in Chronic Bronchitis Patients

Im GJ, Park SH, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)

180 patients Analysis population
4 types Pattern types
p<0.05 Phlegm-heat association

Korean medicine pattern differentiation reflects airway inflammation characteristics of chronic bronchitis and is useful for personalized treatment.

View Source 2021
Cross-Sectional Respiratory Conditions

Association Between Sputum Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Differentiation in Chronic Bronchitis Patients

Im GJ, Park SH, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)
180 patients Analysis population
4 types Pattern types
p<0.05 Phlegm-heat association

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing sputum cytological characteristics (neutrophil, eosinophil proportions) and Korean medicine pattern differentiation in 180 chronic bronchitis patients. Neutrophil proportion was significantly higher in the phlegm-heat pattern.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern differentiation reflects airway inflammation characteristics of chronic bronchitis and is useful for personalized treatment.

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Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Immune Modulation Effect of Moxibustion in Asthma Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Cho YH, Lee JB, et al.

Immunological Investigations (2023)

40 patients Participants
28% IgE reduction
8 weeks Treatment duration

Moxibustion may contribute to correcting immune imbalance in asthma patients.

View Source 2023
Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Immune Modulation Effect of Moxibustion in Asthma Patients: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Cho YH, Lee JB, et al. Immunological Investigations (2023)
40 patients Participants
28% IgE reduction
8 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Moxibustion at ST36, BL13, and other points was performed for 8 weeks on 40 patients with mild asthma, and serum IgE, Th1/Th2 ratio, and pulmonary function were measured. After moxibustion, IgE reduction and Th1/Th2 ratio normalization were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Moxibustion may contribute to correcting immune imbalance in asthma patients.

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Narrative Review Respiratory Conditions

Integrative Review of Antiviral Effects of Korean Medicine Respiratory Prescriptions

Yang KS, Kim HJ, Liu P, et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology (2024)

42 studies Reviewed papers
3 types Target viruses
High Evidence accumulation

Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions have multimechanistic antiviral effects and can be utilized for respiratory infection management.

View Source 2024
Narrative Review Respiratory Conditions

Integrative Review of Antiviral Effects of Korean Medicine Respiratory Prescriptions

Yang KS, Kim HJ, Liu P, et al. Frontiers in Pharmacology (2024)
42 studies Reviewed papers
3 types Target viruses
High Evidence accumulation

Summary

An integrative review of basic and clinical research on antiviral mechanisms of Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions (Socheongryong-tang, Eungyo-san, Mahaenggamseok-tang, etc.). Diverse mechanisms against influenza, RSV, and coronaviruses were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine respiratory prescriptions have multimechanistic antiviral effects and can be utilized for respiratory infection management.

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RCT Respiratory Conditions

Respiratory Muscle Strength Improvement Effect of Herbal Medicine in Elderly with Reduced Pulmonary Function: An RCT

Song GH, Min JK, et al.

Age and Ageing (2022)

80 patients Participants
18% MIP improvement
12 weeks Treatment duration

Herbal medicine is effective for improving respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function decline in the elderly.

View Source 2022
RCT Respiratory Conditions

Respiratory Muscle Strength Improvement Effect of Herbal Medicine in Elderly with Reduced Pulmonary Function: An RCT

Song GH, Min JK, et al. Age and Ageing (2022)
80 patients Participants
18% MIP improvement
12 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Eighty elderly patients aged 65 or older with reduced pulmonary function were randomly assigned to an herbal medicine or placebo group and compared over 12 weeks. The herbal medicine group showed significant improvements in MIP (maximum inspiratory pressure) and FVC.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine is effective for improving respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function decline in the elderly.

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Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Preventive Effects of Herbal Medicine in Children with Recurrent Bronchitis: A Cohort Study

Noh JW, Ahn SY, et al.

Pediatric Pulmonology (2024)

120 patients Participants
48% Recurrence reduction
12 months Follow-up period

Herbal medicine preventive treatment is effective for preventing recurrence in children with recurrent bronchitis.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Preventive Effects of Herbal Medicine in Children with Recurrent Bronchitis: A Cohort Study

Noh JW, Ahn SY, et al. Pediatric Pulmonology (2024)
120 patients Participants
48% Recurrence reduction
12 months Follow-up period

Summary

One hundred twenty children with recurrent bronchitis (4 or more per year) were followed for 12 months, divided into an herbal medicine preventive treatment group and a non-treatment group. The herbal medicine group showed significant reductions in bronchitis recurrence frequency and antibiotic use.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine preventive treatment is effective for preventing recurrence in children with recurrent bronchitis.

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Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Treatment in Asthma Management: Health Insurance Claims Data

Ryu MH, Cho KJ, Park EJ, et al.

Value in Health (2023)

4,800 patients Analysis population
22% Medical cost savings
35% ED visit reduction

Korean medicine combination treatment contributes to total medical cost reduction and decreased emergency department visits in asthma patients.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Respiratory Conditions

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Treatment in Asthma Management: Health Insurance Claims Data

Ryu MH, Cho KJ, Park EJ, et al. Value in Health (2023)
4,800 patients Analysis population
22% Medical cost savings
35% ED visit reduction

Summary

Health insurance claims data were utilized to comparatively analyze medical costs and emergency department visits between Korean medicine combination treatment (1,200 patients) and Western medicine alone (3,600 patients) groups among asthma patients.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combination treatment contributes to total medical cost reduction and decreased emergency department visits in asthma patients.

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Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Changes in Cough Reflex Sensitivity After Herbal Medicine Treatment in Chronic Cough Patients: An Exploratory Study

Lee TH, Kang YM, et al.

Cough (2024)

35 patients Participants
2-fold Cough threshold elevation
8 weeks Treatment duration

Herbal medicine produces effects through normalization of hypersensitive cough reflex in chronic cough patients.

View Source 2024
Before-After Respiratory Conditions

Changes in Cough Reflex Sensitivity After Herbal Medicine Treatment in Chronic Cough Patients: An Exploratory Study

Lee TH, Kang YM, et al. Cough (2024)
35 patients Participants
2-fold Cough threshold elevation
8 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Herbal medicine was administered for 8 weeks to 35 patients with chronic cough, and changes in cough reflex sensitivity were measured by capsaicin cough provocation test. Cough threshold (C5) significantly increased after herbal medicine administration.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine produces effects through normalization of hypersensitive cough reflex in chronic cough patients.

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Systematic Review Respiratory Conditions

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Herbal Medicine in COPD: A Systematic Review

Moon SY, Kim GH, Wang Z, et al.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (2023)

28 studies Included studies
20 studies Positive results
Moderate-High Evidence level

Herbal medicine is effective in regulating oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in COPD.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Respiratory Conditions

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Herbal Medicine in COPD: A Systematic Review

Moon SY, Kim GH, Wang Z, et al. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (2023)
28 studies Included studies
20 studies Positive results
Moderate-High Evidence level

Summary

Twenty-eight basic and clinical studies on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of herbal medicine for COPD were systematically reviewed. Positive results were reported on various indicators including SOD increase, MDA reduction, and CRP reduction.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine is effective in regulating oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in COPD.

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Case Study Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Case Series

Jeon HJ, Cho MK, et al.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports (2021)

7 patients Cases
57% Sputum reduction
12 weeks Treatment duration

Korean medicine treatment can be utilized adjunctively for symptom management in bronchiectasis patients.

View Source 2021
Case Study Respiratory Conditions

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Case Series

Jeon HJ, Cho MK, et al. Respiratory Medicine Case Reports (2021)
7 patients Cases
57% Sputum reduction
12 weeks Treatment duration

Summary

Herbal medicine and acupuncture were performed for 12 weeks on 7 patients with bronchiectasis. Decreased sputum volume, reduced acute exacerbation frequency, and improved SGRQ scores were observed.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment can be utilized adjunctively for symptom management in bronchiectasis patients.

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