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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 84 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Cohort Study Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment on Oligospermia: A Prospective Cohort Study

박재원, 김태희, 송영준, et al.

Asian Journal of Andrology (2023)

88.9% Sperm Count Increase Rate
142 subjects Cohort Size
24 weeks Follow-up Period

Korean medicine combined treatment is effective for restoring sperm count to normal range in oligospermia patients, with particularly high response rates in patients with kidney deficiency pattern.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment on Oligospermia: A Prospective Cohort Study

박재원, 김태희, 송영준, et al. Asian Journal of Andrology (2023)
88.9% Sperm Count Increase Rate
142 subjects Cohort Size
24 weeks Follow-up Period

Summary

A prospective cohort study following 142 men diagnosed with oligospermia for 24 weeks. In the combined herbal medicine, acupuncture, and moxibustion treatment group, sperm count increased significantly from an average of 15.2×10⁶/mL to 28.7×10⁶/mL. Modified Bojungikgi-tang and warm needling at Gwanwon (CV4) acupoint combination was most effective.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment is effective for restoring sperm count to normal range in oligospermia patients, with particularly high response rates in patients with kidney deficiency pattern.

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RCT Men's Health / Urology

Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of Bosin-Ikjeong-tang for Sperm Vitality Decline: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

이승호, 최영진, 정민수, et al.

대한한방내과학회지 (2024)

23.4% Sperm Survival Rate Improvement
86 subjects Study Participants
12 weeks Treatment Period

Bosin-Ikjeong-tang is effective for improving sperm vitality decline, and a mechanism through improvement of sperm mitochondrial function was confirmed.

View Source 2024
RCT Men's Health / Urology

Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of Bosin-Ikjeong-tang for Sperm Vitality Decline: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

이승호, 최영진, 정민수, et al. 대한한방내과학회지 (2024)
23.4% Sperm Survival Rate Improvement
86 subjects Study Participants
12 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

A randomized double-blind controlled trial evaluating the effect of Bosin-Ikjeong-tang in 86 men diagnosed with sperm vitality decline. After 12 weeks of administration, sperm survival rate improved by an average of 23.4% in the herbal medicine group, and mitochondrial membrane potential indicators also improved significantly.

Key Conclusion

Bosin-Ikjeong-tang is effective for improving sperm vitality decline, and a mechanism through improvement of sperm mitochondrial function was confirmed.

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RCT Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Tonifying Herbal Medicine on Male Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Yoo JH, Shin WC, Kim TH, et al.

Andrology (2024)

35% AMS symptom improvement
80 patients Participants
Double-blind Study design

Tonifying herbal medicine effectively improves male menopausal symptoms and is a complementary alternative to testosterone replacement therapy.

View Source 2024
RCT Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Tonifying Herbal Medicine on Male Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Yoo JH, Shin WC, Kim TH, et al. Andrology (2024)
35% AMS symptom improvement
80 patients Participants
Double-blind Study design

Summary

Deer antler and musk-based tonifying herbal medicine was administered in a double-blind manner for 16 weeks to 80 men aged 50-70 with male menopausal symptoms (AMS score ≥37). The herbal medicine group showed 35% improvement in AMS scores, with significantly increased free testosterone.

Key Conclusion

Tonifying herbal medicine effectively improves male menopausal symptoms and is a complementary alternative to testosterone replacement therapy.

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Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of Acupuncture Treatment Effect on Corpus Cavernosum Blood Flow: An Exploratory Study

Han WS, Kim JB, et al.

Journal of Sexual Medicine (2020)

25 subjects Participants
22% PSV Increase Rate
p<0.05 Statistical Significance

Acupuncture treatment can contribute to vasogenic erectile dysfunction treatment by improving corpus cavernosum blood flow.

View Source 2020
Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of Acupuncture Treatment Effect on Corpus Cavernosum Blood Flow: An Exploratory Study

Han WS, Kim JB, et al. Journal of Sexual Medicine (2020)
25 subjects Participants
22% PSV Increase Rate
p<0.05 Statistical Significance

Summary

Pre- and post-acupuncture penile Doppler ultrasound was performed in 25 vasogenic erectile dysfunction patients to objectively evaluate cavernosum blood flow changes. PSV and EDV indicators improved significantly.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture treatment can contribute to vasogenic erectile dysfunction treatment by improving corpus cavernosum blood flow.

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Narrative Review Men's Health / Urology

Integrated Review on the Male Hormone Regulation Mechanism of Kidney-Tonifying Herbal Medicine

Cho MH, Lee YR, Zhang L, et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology (2025)

52 sources Reviewed Literature
4 mechanisms Main Mechanisms
High Evidence Level

Kidney-tonifying herbal medicine regulates male hormone balance through multiple mechanisms, contributing to male health enhancement.

View Source 2025
Narrative Review Men's Health / Urology

Integrated Review on the Male Hormone Regulation Mechanism of Kidney-Tonifying Herbal Medicine

Cho MH, Lee YR, Zhang L, et al. Frontiers in Pharmacology (2025)
52 sources Reviewed Literature
4 mechanisms Main Mechanisms
High Evidence Level

Summary

Basic and clinical studies on the male hormone regulation mechanism of kidney-tonifying herbal medicine (deer antler, Epimedium, Cuscuta) were integratively reviewed. Various mechanisms including hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation and antioxidant action were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Kidney-tonifying herbal medicine regulates male hormone balance through multiple mechanisms, contributing to male health enhancement.

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Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Korean Medicine Sitz Bath Treatment on Pelvic Pain in Chronic Prostatitis Patients

Woo SJ, Park GN, et al.

Urological Research (2019)

35 subjects Participants
48% Pain Reduction Rate
4 weeks Treatment Period

Korean medicine sitz baths are a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for pelvic pain relief in chronic prostatitis patients.

View Source 2019
Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Korean Medicine Sitz Bath Treatment on Pelvic Pain in Chronic Prostatitis Patients

Woo SJ, Park GN, et al. Urological Research (2019)
35 subjects Participants
48% Pain Reduction Rate
4 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Herbal medicine-based sitz baths were administered daily for 4 weeks to 35 patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Pelvic pain VAS scores and NIH-CPSI pain subscales decreased significantly.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine sitz baths are a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for pelvic pain relief in chronic prostatitis patients.

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Cohort Study Men's Health / Urology

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Male Climacteric Symptoms

Lee BK, Han JH, Singh R, et al.

Value in Health Regional Issues (2024)

160 subjects Analysis Subjects
$2,340 Cost Savings per QALY
ICER superior Cost-Effectiveness Result

Korean medicine combined treatment can be a cost-effective alternative for male climacteric management.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Men's Health / Urology

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Male Climacteric Symptoms

Lee BK, Han JH, Singh R, et al. Value in Health Regional Issues (2024)
160 subjects Analysis Subjects
$2,340 Cost Savings per QALY
ICER superior Cost-Effectiveness Result

Summary

The cost-effectiveness of Korean medicine combined treatment was comparatively analyzed with testosterone replacement therapy in 160 male climacteric syndrome patients. Korean medicine treatment showed superiority in cost per QALY.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment can be a cost-effective alternative for male climacteric management.

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RCT Men's Health / Urology

Comparison of Effects of Electroacupuncture and Body Acupuncture for Erectile Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Song HJ, Kang MK, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)

80 subjects Participants
6.3 vs 3.9 points IIEF-5 Improvement Comparison
10 weeks Treatment Period

Electroacupuncture shows superior effects to body acupuncture in erectile dysfunction treatment and can be prioritized for consideration.

View Source 2022
RCT Men's Health / Urology

Comparison of Effects of Electroacupuncture and Body Acupuncture for Erectile Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Song HJ, Kang MK, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)
80 subjects Participants
6.3 vs 3.9 points IIEF-5 Improvement Comparison
10 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Eighty patients with erectile dysfunction were randomly assigned to electroacupuncture and body acupuncture groups, and treatment effects were compared for 10 weeks. The electroacupuncture group showed significantly greater IIEF-5 score improvement and faster effect onset.

Key Conclusion

Electroacupuncture shows superior effects to body acupuncture in erectile dysfunction treatment and can be prioritized for consideration.

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Cross-Sectional Men's Health / Urology

Correlation Between Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Korean Medicine Pattern Types: Multivariate Analysis

Kim DY, Chung SH, Lee PW, et al.

European Urology Focus (2023)

320 subjects Analysis Subjects
5 types Pattern Types
p<0.01 Kidney Yang Deficiency Correlation

Korean medicine pattern types show significant correlation with severity of male lower urinary tract symptoms and can be utilized in personalized treatment.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Men's Health / Urology

Correlation Between Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Korean Medicine Pattern Types: Multivariate Analysis

Kim DY, Chung SH, Lee PW, et al. European Urology Focus (2023)
320 subjects Analysis Subjects
5 types Pattern Types
p<0.01 Kidney Yang Deficiency Correlation

Summary

The correlation between pattern types, symptom severity, and prostate size was multivariate-analyzed in 320 male lower urinary tract symptom patients. IPSS and prostate size were highest in the kidney yang deficiency type.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern types show significant correlation with severity of male lower urinary tract symptoms and can be utilized in personalized treatment.

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Case Study Men's Health / Urology

Case Series of Male Infertility Patients Successfully Achieving Natural Pregnancy After Herbal Medicine Treatment

Yun JM, Choi DS, et al.

Integrative Medicine Research (2021)

8 cases Number of Cases
5.2 months Average Treatment Period
100% Pregnancy Success Rate

Herbal medicine treatment can enable natural pregnancy by improving semen parameters even in severe male infertility patients.

View Source 2021
Case Study Men's Health / Urology

Case Series of Male Infertility Patients Successfully Achieving Natural Pregnancy After Herbal Medicine Treatment

Yun JM, Choi DS, et al. Integrative Medicine Research (2021)
8 cases Number of Cases
5.2 months Average Treatment Period
100% Pregnancy Success Rate

Summary

Case series reports of natural pregnancy success after herbal medicine treatment in 8 male infertility patients diagnosed with severe oligospermia or asthenospermia. Average treatment duration was 5.2 months.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment can enable natural pregnancy by improving semen parameters even in severe male infertility patients.

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Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Additional Effect of Moxibustion Combination in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Korean Medicine Treatment: A Systematic Review

Jung YK, Oh MH, Zhao J, et al.

Moxibustion Medicine Research (2024)

10 studies Included Studies
67% Nocturia Improvement
Moderate Evidence Level

Moxibustion treatment has utility value as an adjunctive intervention in benign prostatic hyperplasia Korean medicine treatment.

View Source 2024
Systematic Review Men's Health / Urology

Additional Effect of Moxibustion Combination in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Korean Medicine Treatment: A Systematic Review

Jung YK, Oh MH, Zhao J, et al. Moxibustion Medicine Research (2024)
10 studies Included Studies
67% Nocturia Improvement
Moderate Evidence Level

Summary

Ten studies combining moxibustion treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment were systematically reviewed. The moxibustion combined group showed superior improvements in nocturia and residual urine sensation.

Key Conclusion

Moxibustion treatment has utility value as an adjunctive intervention in benign prostatic hyperplasia Korean medicine treatment.

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Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Gongjindan in Middle-Aged Men Complaining of Vitality Decline: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Hwang CJ, Lee AR, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)

50 subjects Participants
71% Sexual Function Improvement Rate
8 weeks Treatment Period

Gongjindan is effective for improving vitality decline and overall vitality reduction in middle-aged men.

View Source 2020
Before-After Men's Health / Urology

Effect of Gongjindan in Middle-Aged Men Complaining of Vitality Decline: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Hwang CJ, Lee AR, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)
50 subjects Participants
71% Sexual Function Improvement Rate
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Gongjindan was administered for 8 weeks to 50 men aged 45-60 complaining of vitality decline, and sexual function, vitality, and sleep quality were evaluated. All three indicators improved significantly.

Key Conclusion

Gongjindan is effective for improving vitality decline and overall vitality reduction in middle-aged men.

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