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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 35 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Cohort Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Postoperative Recovery Promotion Effect of Pre-Surgical Herbal Medicine Pretreatment for Knee Replacement Surgery: A Cohort Study

Jang JY, Min SY, Cho SJ, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

7.2 days Recovery Time Reduction
95 subjects Participants
p=0.005 Pain Reduction Significance

Pre-surgical herbal medicine pretreatment contributes to early recovery after knee replacement surgery.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Postoperative Recovery Promotion Effect of Pre-Surgical Herbal Medicine Pretreatment for Knee Replacement Surgery: A Cohort Study

Jang JY, Min SY, Cho SJ, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
7.2 days Recovery Time Reduction
95 subjects Participants
p=0.005 Pain Reduction Significance

Summary

Postoperative recovery progress was compared between patients who took herbal medicine starting 4 weeks before knee replacement surgery (45) and non-takers (50). Postoperative pain, edema, and joint range of motion recovery were significantly faster in the herbal pretreatment group.

Key Conclusion

Pre-surgical herbal medicine pretreatment contributes to early recovery after knee replacement surgery.

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Case Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Chondrocyte Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis Promotion Effect of Gwanjeoldan Constituents

Yang SH, Go HY, Kim WK, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2020)

45.2% Collagen Synthesis Increase
GAG Increase Adjunctive Effect
Synergistic Compound Prescription Effect

Gwanjeoldan's compound herbal medicines promote chondrocyte protection and regeneration through synergistic effects.

View Source 2020
Case Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Chondrocyte Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis Promotion Effect of Gwanjeoldan Constituents

Yang SH, Go HY, Kim WK, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2020)
45.2% Collagen Synthesis Increase
GAG Increase Adjunctive Effect
Synergistic Compound Prescription Effect

Summary

Effects of major herbal extracts of Gwanjeoldan on chondrocyte proliferation, type II collagen synthesis, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) generation were evaluated in vitro. The compound extract demonstrated superior chondrocyte protective effects compared to individual herbs.

Key Conclusion

Gwanjeoldan's compound herbal medicines promote chondrocyte protection and regeneration through synergistic effects.

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Narrative Review Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Recent Trends of Korean Medicine Approach for Joint Health: A Narrative Review

Song JM, Lee HS, Kwon OS, et al.

Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2021)

98 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period
6 methods Major Treatments

Korean medicine research on joint diseases is developing toward combined treatment and evidence-based directions.

View Source 2021
Narrative Review Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Recent Trends of Korean Medicine Approach for Joint Health: A Narrative Review

Song JM, Lee HS, Kwon OS, et al. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2021)
98 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period
6 methods Major Treatments

Summary

Ninety-eight Korean medicine treatment-related papers on joint diseases published in the past 10 years were analyzed to summarize treatment trends. Various treatments including herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture, and chuna manipulation have been studied, with combined treatment efficacy emphasized.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine research on joint diseases is developing toward combined treatment and evidence-based directions.

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RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Inflammatory Mediator Modulation Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment in Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park JH, Kim MJ, Shin JC, et al.

Phytomedicine (2023)

Non-inferior Anti-inflammatory Comparison
108 subjects Participants
62.5% GI Side Effect Reduction

Herbal medicine treatment shows similar effects to NSAIDs in inflammation modulation of osteoarthritis with fewer side effects.

View Source 2023
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Inflammatory Mediator Modulation Effect of Herbal Medicine Treatment in Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park JH, Kim MJ, Shin JC, et al. Phytomedicine (2023)
Non-inferior Anti-inflammatory Comparison
108 subjects Participants
62.5% GI Side Effect Reduction

Summary

One hundred eight osteoarthritis patients were assigned to herbal medicine (54) and NSAID control (54) groups for 8 weeks of treatment. Inflammatory markers including IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP significantly decreased in the herbal group, with fewer gastrointestinal side effects.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment shows similar effects to NSAIDs in inflammation modulation of osteoarthritis with fewer side effects.

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Before-After Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Pre-Post Comparison Study of Combined Gwanjeoldan and Acupuncture in Knee Joint Pain Patients

Choi BM, Han KS, Jung TY, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2022)

71.8% VAS Improvement Rate
68 subjects Participants
8 weeks Treatment Period

Combined Gwanjeoldan and acupuncture is an effective compound treatment for knee joint pain and functional improvement.

View Source 2022
Before-After Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Pre-Post Comparison Study of Combined Gwanjeoldan and Acupuncture in Knee Joint Pain Patients

Choi BM, Han KS, Jung TY, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2022)
71.8% VAS Improvement Rate
68 subjects Participants
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Sixty-eight patients with knee joint pain received combined Gwanjeoldan and acupuncture for 8 weeks, with VAS, WOMAC, and TUG tests performed. Significant improvements were observed in all assessment items after treatment.

Key Conclusion

Combined Gwanjeoldan and acupuncture is an effective compound treatment for knee joint pain and functional improvement.

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Meta-Analysis Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cartilage Protective Effects of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Arthritis

Lee CH, Seo YB, Yoon HJ, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)

Joint Space Maintenance Major Effect
1856 subjects Total Participants
20 papers Analyzed Papers

Herbal medicine treatment inhibits cartilage destruction in arthritis patients and is effective in preserving joint structure.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cartilage Protective Effects of Herbal Medicine Treatment for Arthritis

Lee CH, Seo YB, Yoon HJ, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)
Joint Space Maintenance Major Effect
1856 subjects Total Participants
20 papers Analyzed Papers

Summary

Twenty clinical trials (1,856 subjects total) were meta-analyzed to evaluate cartilage protective effects of herbal medicine treatment for arthritis. The herbal medicine administration group showed significantly higher joint space maintenance rates, with reduced MMP-13 levels.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment inhibits cartilage destruction in arthritis patients and is effective in preserving joint structure.

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RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Pain Alleviation Effect of Gwanjeoldan for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Kim SJ, Park HM, Lee JK, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)

74.3% Pain Improvement Rate
140 subjects Participants
12 weeks Treatment Period

Gwanjeoldan is effective in pain reduction and functional improvement in knee osteoarthritis patients.

View Source 2023
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Pain Alleviation Effect of Gwanjeoldan for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Kim SJ, Park HM, Lee JK, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)
74.3% Pain Improvement Rate
140 subjects Participants
12 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

One hundred forty patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into Gwanjeoldan (70) and placebo (70) groups for 12 weeks of treatment. Significant improvements were observed in WOMAC scores, VAS pain scores, and walking distance in the Gwanjeoldan group.

Key Conclusion

Gwanjeoldan is effective in pain reduction and functional improvement in knee osteoarthritis patients.

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Cohort Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Inflammatory Marker and Joint Function Improvement Effect of Herbal Pills for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cohort Study

Lee SY, Park JH, Won SJ, et al.

Rheumatology International (2023)

28% Additional Disease Activity Improvement
67% Morning Stiffness Reduction
98 subjects Participants

Combined herbal pill treatment additionally lowers disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and is particularly effective for morning stiffness and joint swelling improvement.

View Source 2023
Cohort Study Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Inflammatory Marker and Joint Function Improvement Effect of Herbal Pills for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cohort Study

Lee SY, Park JH, Won SJ, et al. Rheumatology International (2023)
28% Additional Disease Activity Improvement
67% Morning Stiffness Reduction
98 subjects Participants

Summary

A prospective cohort study compared 24-week progress between conventional medication plus herbal pill and conventional medication monotherapy groups in 98 rheumatoid arthritis patients. The combination group demonstrated additional 28% improvement in DAS28 (Disease Activity Score), with morning stiffness duration shortening from 42 to 14 minutes on average. Joint swelling indices also significantly decreased.

Key Conclusion

Combined herbal pill treatment additionally lowers disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and is particularly effective for morning stiffness and joint swelling improvement.

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Meta-Analysis Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Wind-Damp-Dispelling Herbal Medicine for Arthritis

Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen H, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

41% Additional Pain Reduction
24% Recurrence Reduction
19 studies Analyzed Studies

Wind-damp-dispelling herbal medicine simultaneously improves arthritis pain and inflammation and is effective for long-term recurrence prevention.

View Source 2022
Meta-Analysis Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Wind-Damp-Dispelling Herbal Medicine for Arthritis

Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen H, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
41% Additional Pain Reduction
24% Recurrence Reduction
19 studies Analyzed Studies

Summary

Nineteen randomized controlled trials (1,568 subjects total) evaluating wind-damp-dispelling herbal medicine effects for wind-cold-damp Bi syndrome arthritis were meta-analyzed. The herbal medicine group demonstrated additional 41% reduction in VAS pain scores compared to controls on average, with significant improvement in inflammatory markers including ESR and CRP. At 6-month follow-up, recurrence rates were 24% lower.

Key Conclusion

Wind-damp-dispelling herbal medicine simultaneously improves arthritis pain and inflammation and is effective for long-term recurrence prevention.

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RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Modified Samgieum on Pain and Functional Improvement in Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Choi JH, Lee HJ, Kim KW, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation (2023)

52% WOMAC Pain Reduction
18° ROM Increase
12 weeks Treatment Period

Modified Samgieum demonstrates superior efficacy over glucosamine in pain reduction and joint function recovery in osteoarthritis, with simultaneous approach of wind-cold-damp removal and Liver-Kidney tonification being key.

View Source 2023
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Modified Samgieum on Pain and Functional Improvement in Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Choi JH, Lee HJ, Kim KW, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation (2023)
52% WOMAC Pain Reduction
18° ROM Increase
12 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

A randomized controlled trial compared modified Samgieum and glucosamine groups over 12 weeks in 76 patients with knee osteoarthritis. The Samgieum group demonstrated 52% reduction in WOMAC pain index, significantly higher than the glucosamine group (34%). Joint range of motion increased by an average of 18 degrees, with significant improvement also confirmed in stair-climbing tests.

Key Conclusion

Modified Samgieum demonstrates superior efficacy over glucosamine in pain reduction and joint function recovery in osteoarthritis, with simultaneous approach of wind-cold-damp removal and Liver-Kidney tonification being key.

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RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Combined Herbal Treatment on Pain and Function Improvement in Degenerative Arthritis Patients

Jung YS, Kim HJ, Lee JW et al.

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2023)

23% Additional Pain Reduction
+18 points WOMAC Improvement
37% Analgesic Use Reduction

The combined herbal medicine group showed an additional 23% reduction in VAS pain scores compared to standard care, with significant improvement in WOMAC function scores (p<0.05).

2023
RCT Gwanjeoldan (關節丹)

Effect of Combined Herbal Treatment on Pain and Function Improvement in Degenerative Arthritis Patients

Jung YS, Kim HJ, Lee JW et al. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2023)
23% Additional Pain Reduction
+18 points WOMAC Improvement
37% Analgesic Use Reduction

Summary

Comparison of 12-week treatment effects between standard care alone and combined herbal medicine groups in 96 patients with degenerative arthritis.

Key Conclusion

The combined herbal medicine group showed an additional 23% reduction in VAS pain scores compared to standard care, with significant improvement in WOMAC function scores (p<0.05).

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