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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 93 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Analysis of Gut Microbiota Changes Following Herbal Medicine Treatment in Rhinitis Patients: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Song JH, Yun YJ, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2025)

42.3% Beneficial Bacteria Increase
60 subjects Participants
12 weeks Follow-up Period

Herbal medicine treatment improves gut microbiota diversity in rhinitis patients, which may be related to immunomodulation.

View Source 2025
Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Analysis of Gut Microbiota Changes Following Herbal Medicine Treatment in Rhinitis Patients: A Cohort Study

Min WK, Song JH, Yun YJ, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2025)
42.3% Beneficial Bacteria Increase
60 subjects Participants
12 weeks Follow-up Period

Summary

Sixty allergic rhinitis patients received herbal medicine treatment for 12 weeks, with gut microbiota changes tracked via 16S rRNA analysis. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium proportions significantly increased after treatment.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine treatment improves gut microbiota diversity in rhinitis patients, which may be related to immunomodulation.

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Narrative Review ENT Disorders

Narrative Review of Moxibustion Effects in ENT Diseases

Cho SY, Park JM, Kwak HY, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)

62 papers Analyzed Papers
3 categories Major Disease Groups
Moderate Evidence Level

Moxibustion can be utilized as a complementary treatment in ENT diseases, but more high-quality RCTs are needed.

View Source 2021
Narrative Review ENT Disorders

Narrative Review of Moxibustion Effects in ENT Diseases

Cho SY, Park JM, Kwak HY, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)
62 papers Analyzed Papers
3 categories Major Disease Groups
Moderate Evidence Level

Summary

Sixty-two articles related to moxibustion in ENT diseases (rhinitis, otitis media, tonsillitis, etc.) were analyzed to summarize treatment mechanisms and effects. Moxibustion was reported to exert effects through local blood flow improvement and immunomodulation.

Key Conclusion

Moxibustion can be utilized as a complementary treatment in ENT diseases, but more high-quality RCTs are needed.

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RCT ENT Disorders

Randomized Controlled Trial of Banhahubak-tang for Patients with Chronic Cough Accompanied by Postnasal Drip

Jung IC, Lee SR, Kim AR, et al.

Phytomedicine (2024)

72.7% Cough Reduction Rate
88 subjects Participants
6 weeks Treatment Period

Banhahubak-tang is an effective treatment option for chronic cough accompanied by postnasal drip.

View Source 2024
RCT ENT Disorders

Randomized Controlled Trial of Banhahubak-tang for Patients with Chronic Cough Accompanied by Postnasal Drip

Jung IC, Lee SR, Kim AR, et al. Phytomedicine (2024)
72.7% Cough Reduction Rate
88 subjects Participants
6 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Eighty-eight patients with chronic cough accompanied by postnasal drip were divided into Banhahubak-tang treatment (44) and placebo (44) groups for 6 weeks of treatment. Cough frequency and postnasal drip symptoms decreased significantly in the treatment group.

Key Conclusion

Banhahubak-tang is an effective treatment option for chronic cough accompanied by postnasal drip.

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Systematic Review ENT Disorders

Efficacy and Safety of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Allergic Rhinitis Patients: A Systematic Review

Lim JA, Kim KW, Song MY, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

73.8% Symptom Improvement Rate
634 subjects Total Participants
9 papers Analyzed Papers

Bee venom pharmacopuncture demonstrated efficacy and safety as a complementary method for allergic rhinitis treatment.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review ENT Disorders

Efficacy and Safety of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture in Allergic Rhinitis Patients: A Systematic Review

Lim JA, Kim KW, Song MY, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
73.8% Symptom Improvement Rate
634 subjects Total Participants
9 papers Analyzed Papers

Summary

Nine clinical trials (634 subjects total) were systematically analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of bee venom pharmacopuncture for allergic rhinitis. Significant improvements in nasal obstruction, watery rhinorrhea, and sneezing scores were observed in the bee venom group.

Key Conclusion

Bee venom pharmacopuncture demonstrated efficacy and safety as a complementary method for allergic rhinitis treatment.

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Before-After ENT Disorders

Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Modified Gamgil-tang for Chronic Tonsillitis

Woo JH, Yoo HR, Kim JH, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)

68.4% Tonsil Size Reduction Rate
78 subjects Participants
p<0.01 CRP Reduction Significance

Modified Gamgil-tang is an effective prescription for inflammation suppression and tonsil size reduction in chronic tonsillitis.

View Source 2022
Before-After ENT Disorders

Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Modified Gamgil-tang for Chronic Tonsillitis

Woo JH, Yoo HR, Kim JH, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2022)
68.4% Tonsil Size Reduction Rate
78 subjects Participants
p<0.01 CRP Reduction Significance

Summary

Seventy-eight patients with chronic tonsillitis were evaluated for the effects of modified Gamgil-tang. Inflammatory markers including CRP and ESR significantly decreased, and tonsil size also reduced.

Key Conclusion

Modified Gamgil-tang is an effective prescription for inflammation suppression and tonsil size reduction in chronic tonsillitis.

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Meta-Analysis ENT Disorders

Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine and Conventional Medicine for Rhinitis: A Meta-analysis

Son MJ, Lim CE, Park SK, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)

Non-inferior Korean vs. Conventional
2156 subjects Total Participants
22 papers Analyzed Papers

Korean medicine treatment shows non-inferior efficacy compared to conventional medicine treatment with fewer side effects, and can be considered as an alternative treatment.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis ENT Disorders

Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Korean Medicine and Conventional Medicine for Rhinitis: A Meta-analysis

Son MJ, Lim CE, Park SK, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)
Non-inferior Korean vs. Conventional
2156 subjects Total Participants
22 papers Analyzed Papers

Summary

Twenty-two RCTs (2,156 subjects total) comparing Korean medicine treatment (herbal medicine, acupuncture) and conventional medicine treatment (antihistamines, intranasal steroids) for rhinitis were meta-analyzed. There was no significant difference in symptom improvement rates between Korean medicine and conventional medicine groups.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment shows non-inferior efficacy compared to conventional medicine treatment with fewer side effects, and can be considered as an alternative treatment.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Case Study of Modified Imyeong-tang for Patients with Hearing Loss After Otitis Media

Kwon HJ, Ahn CB, Jeong SY, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2019)

12.3 dB Average Hearing Improvement
12 subjects Participants
16 weeks Treatment Period

Combined modified Imyeong-tang and acupuncture may help with hearing recovery in patients with hearing loss after otitis media.

View Source 2019
Case Study ENT Disorders

Case Study of Modified Imyeong-tang for Patients with Hearing Loss After Otitis Media

Kwon HJ, Ahn CB, Jeong SY, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2019)
12.3 dB Average Hearing Improvement
12 subjects Participants
16 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Twelve adult patients complaining of persistent hearing loss after otitis media received combined modified Imyeong-tang and acupuncture for 16 weeks. Pure tone audiometry confirmed an average hearing improvement of 12.3 dB.

Key Conclusion

Combined modified Imyeong-tang and acupuncture may help with hearing recovery in patients with hearing loss after otitis media.

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Before-After ENT Disorders

Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Long-term Socheongryong-tang Administration in Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Bae JH, Hong SU, Kim EH, et al.

Phytomedicine (2021)

81.2% Symptom Improvement Rate
64 subjects Participants
0 cases Liver/Kidney Abnormalities

Long-term administration of Socheongryong-tang is a safe and effective treatment for pediatric allergic rhinitis patients.

View Source 2021
Before-After ENT Disorders

Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Long-term Socheongryong-tang Administration in Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Bae JH, Hong SU, Kim EH, et al. Phytomedicine (2021)
81.2% Symptom Improvement Rate
64 subjects Participants
0 cases Liver/Kidney Abnormalities

Summary

Sixty-four pediatric allergic rhinitis patients aged 6-14 received Socheongryong-tang for 24 weeks, with assessment of blood tests and symptom scores. Symptoms continuously improved without abnormalities in liver or kidney function.

Key Conclusion

Long-term administration of Socheongryong-tang is a safe and effective treatment for pediatric allergic rhinitis patients.

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Narrative Review ENT Disorders

Recent Trends in Korean Medicine Approach to Allergic Rhinitis: A Narrative Review

Sung WS, Im JG, Cho KH, et al.

Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2025)

85 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period
5 types Major Treatment Types

Korean medicine research on allergic rhinitis is growing both quantitatively and qualitatively, with expansion of evidence-based research.

View Source 2025
Narrative Review ENT Disorders

Recent Trends in Korean Medicine Approach to Allergic Rhinitis: A Narrative Review

Sung WS, Im JG, Cho KH, et al. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2025)
85 papers Analyzed Papers
10 years Analysis Period
5 types Major Treatment Types

Summary

Treatment trends were summarized through analysis of 85 papers on Korean medicine treatment of allergic rhinitis published in the past 10 years. Various treatments including acupuncture, herbal medicine, and intranasal pharmacopuncture have been studied, with research on immunomodulatory mechanisms increasing.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine research on allergic rhinitis is growing both quantitatively and qualitatively, with expansion of evidence-based research.

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Case Study ENT Disorders

Case Report of Hyungaeyongyo-tang Treatment for Acute Sinusitis

Oh JM, Baek SH, Kwon OS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)

87.5% Symptom Improvement Rate
8 cases Case Number
7 days Onset of Effect

Hyungaeyongyo-tang is a herbal prescription that can be expected to provide rapid symptom relief in early treatment of acute sinusitis.

View Source 2020
Case Study ENT Disorders

Case Report of Hyungaeyongyo-tang Treatment for Acute Sinusitis

Oh JM, Baek SH, Kwon OS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2020)
87.5% Symptom Improvement Rate
8 cases Case Number
7 days Onset of Effect

Summary

Eight patients with acute sinusitis received Hyungaeyongyo-tang for 2 weeks with progress monitoring. All patients showed marked improvement in facial pain, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion symptoms beginning on day 7 of treatment.

Key Conclusion

Hyungaeyongyo-tang is a herbal prescription that can be expected to provide rapid symptom relief in early treatment of acute sinusitis.

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Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Long-term Effect Analysis of Bojungikgi-tang in Chronic Rhinitis Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Jang IS, Ryu BH, Nam DW, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)

79.2% 12-Month Symptom Improvement Maintenance
240 subjects Participants
6 sites Participating Hospitals

Bojungikgi-tang is effective for long-term symptom management in chronic rhinitis patients, with sustained effects confirmed even after treatment completion.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study ENT Disorders

Long-term Effect Analysis of Bojungikgi-tang in Chronic Rhinitis Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Jang IS, Ryu BH, Nam DW, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2024)
79.2% 12-Month Symptom Improvement Maintenance
240 subjects Participants
6 sites Participating Hospitals

Summary

Two hundred forty patients with chronic rhinitis at 6 Korean medicine hospitals received Bojungikgi-tang and were followed for 12 months. Symptom improvement effects persisted for more than 6 months even after treatment completion.

Key Conclusion

Bojungikgi-tang is effective for long-term symptom management in chronic rhinitis patients, with sustained effects confirmed even after treatment completion.

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Systematic Review ENT Disorders

Systematic Review of Acupuncture Effects for Postnasal Drip Syndrome

Han SY, Moon SK, Jung WS, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)

74.6% Symptom Improvement Rate
890 subjects Total Subjects
12 papers Analyzed Papers

Acupuncture demonstrates significant effects in symptom alleviation as a complementary treatment for postnasal drip syndrome.

View Source 2022
Systematic Review ENT Disorders

Systematic Review of Acupuncture Effects for Postnasal Drip Syndrome

Han SY, Moon SK, Jung WS, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
74.6% Symptom Improvement Rate
890 subjects Total Subjects
12 papers Analyzed Papers

Summary

Twelve clinical trials were systematically analyzed to evaluate acupuncture effects in patients with postnasal drip syndrome. In data from 890 patients, the acupuncture group demonstrated significantly lower postnasal drip symptom scores compared with controls.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture demonstrates significant effects in symptom alleviation as a complementary treatment for postnasal drip syndrome.

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