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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 91 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
Meta-Analysis Digestive Disorders

Meta-analysis of Tongxieyao-fang Herbal Formula for Diarrhea-Predominant IBS (IBS-D)

Oh SE, Moon KW, Han CH, et al.

World Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)

16 RCTs Analyzed RCTs
45% IBS-SSS↓
Stool normalization Bristol Improvement

Tongxieyao-fang is effective in normalizing symptoms and stool form in diarrhea-predominant IBS.

View Source 2024
Meta-Analysis Digestive Disorders

Meta-analysis of Tongxieyao-fang Herbal Formula for Diarrhea-Predominant IBS (IBS-D)

Oh SE, Moon KW, Han CH, et al. World Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)
16 RCTs Analyzed RCTs
45% IBS-SSS↓
Stool normalization Bristol Improvement

Summary

Sixteen RCTs evaluating the effect of Tongxieyao-fang for diarrhea-predominant IBS were meta-analyzed. The herbal group showed significant improvement in IBS-SSS (-45%) and stool form (Bristol Scale).

Key Conclusion

Tongxieyao-fang is effective in normalizing symptoms and stool form in diarrhea-predominant IBS.

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Systematic Review Digestive Disorders

Systematic Review of Acupuncture for Reflux Esophagitis

Shin MK, Choi AR, Kang BK, et al.

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2023)

20 studies Analyzed Papers
RR 1.35 Symptom Improvement
Relapse↓ Long-term Effect

Acupuncture is effective as adjunctive therapy to PPI for symptom management and relapse prevention in reflux esophagitis.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Digestive Disorders

Systematic Review of Acupuncture for Reflux Esophagitis

Shin MK, Choi AR, Kang BK, et al. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2023)
20 studies Analyzed Papers
RR 1.35 Symptom Improvement
Relapse↓ Long-term Effect

Summary

Twenty studies evaluating the effect of acupuncture on reflux esophagitis were systematically reviewed. Acupuncture combined with PPI showed significant effects on symptom improvement (RR: 1.35) and relapse prevention.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture is effective as adjunctive therapy to PPI for symptom management and relapse prevention in reflux esophagitis.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Randomized Double-Blind Trial of Banhasasim-tang for Functional Dyspepsia

Kim SH, Lee JH, Park JY, et al.

Gut (2024)

55% Symptom Reduction
150 subjects Participants
Gastric emptying↑ Motility Improvement

Banhasasim-tang is effective in alleviating symptoms and improving gastric motility in functional dyspepsia.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Randomized Double-Blind Trial of Banhasasim-tang for Functional Dyspepsia

Kim SH, Lee JH, Park JY, et al. Gut (2024)
55% Symptom Reduction
150 subjects Participants
Gastric emptying↑ Motility Improvement

Summary

A double-blind comparison was conducted in 150 patients with functional dyspepsia, randomized to Banhasasim-tang or placebo for 8 weeks. The herbal group demonstrated a 55% reduction in FD symptom scores and significantly shortened gastric emptying time.

Key Conclusion

Banhasasim-tang is effective in alleviating symptoms and improving gastric motility in functional dyspepsia.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Acupuncture Treatment for Stress-Related Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park BS, Kang JH, Lee EH, et al.

Neurogastroenterology & Motility (2023)

48% IBS symptoms↓
42% Anxiety↓
Gut-brain axis Mechanism

Acupuncture treatment simultaneously improves irritable bowel syndrome and accompanying anxiety through the gut-brain axis.

View Source 2023
RCT Digestive Disorders

Acupuncture Treatment for Stress-Related Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Park BS, Kang JH, Lee EH, et al. Neurogastroenterology & Motility (2023)
48% IBS symptoms↓
42% Anxiety↓
Gut-brain axis Mechanism

Summary

Eighty-five patients with comorbid IBS and anxiety were divided into acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups and compared for 8 weeks. Both IBS-SSS (-48%) and GAD-7 (-42%) significantly improved in the acupuncture group.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture treatment simultaneously improves irritable bowel syndrome and accompanying anxiety through the gut-brain axis.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Herbal Medicine for Stress-Related Functional Dyspepsia: An RCT

Jin WY, Han SH, et al.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences (2024)

90 subjects Participants
63% Dyspepsia Improvement Rate
8 weeks Treatment Period

Sihosogan-san is an effective treatment for breaking the vicious cycle of stress and dyspepsia.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Herbal Medicine for Stress-Related Functional Dyspepsia: An RCT

Jin WY, Han SH, et al. Digestive Diseases and Sciences (2024)
90 subjects Participants
63% Dyspepsia Improvement Rate
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Ninety patients with stress-related functional dyspepsia were randomly assigned to Sihosogan-san and placebo groups and compared for 8 weeks. Dyspepsia symptoms and PSS scores simultaneously improved in the herbal medicine group.

Key Conclusion

Sihosogan-san is an effective treatment for breaking the vicious cycle of stress and dyspepsia.

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Case Study Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Medicine on Metabolic Syndrome in Taeeumin Constitution: A Case Report Series

Lee KS, Jung DY, Park EK, et al.

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2022)

10 cases Number of Cases
Triglycerides 27% reduction Lipid Improvement
Waist circumference 4.3cm reduction Abdominal Obesity Improvement

Taeeumin-tailored herbal medicine showed pronounced effects particularly in improving triglycerides and waist circumference among metabolic syndrome components.

View Source 2022
Case Study Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Medicine on Metabolic Syndrome in Taeeumin Constitution: A Case Report Series

Lee KS, Jung DY, Park EK, et al. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2022)
10 cases Number of Cases
Triglycerides 27% reduction Lipid Improvement
Waist circumference 4.3cm reduction Abdominal Obesity Improvement

Summary

Ten patients with metabolic syndrome diagnosed as Taeeumin constitution received constitution-tailored herbal medicine for 16 weeks, and changes in metabolic syndrome components (blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL, waist circumference) were observed.

Key Conclusion

Taeeumin-tailored herbal medicine showed pronounced effects particularly in improving triglycerides and waist circumference among metabolic syndrome components.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Treatment on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients

Sung JH, Park SJ, Chen L, et al.

Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)

120 subjects Participants
IBS-SSS 51% reduction Symptom Improvement
QoL 34% improvement Quality of Life Improvement

Personalized herbal medicine is as effective as standard Western medicine treatment in symptom relief and quality of life improvement for IBS.

View Source 2024
RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Treatment on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients

Sung JH, Park SJ, Chen L, et al. Journal of Gastroenterology (2024)
120 subjects Participants
IBS-SSS 51% reduction Symptom Improvement
QoL 34% improvement Quality of Life Improvement

Summary

One hundred twenty IBS patients were randomly assigned to a constitution-based personalized herbal medicine group or a standard Western medicine treatment group and treated for 8 weeks. The herbal group showed significant reductions in IBS-SSS scores and improvements in IBS-QoL scores.

Key Conclusion

Personalized herbal medicine is as effective as standard Western medicine treatment in symptom relief and quality of life improvement for IBS.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Prediabetic Patients

Kang SY, Yoo JH, Lee BJ, et al.

Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)

90 subjects Participants
HbA1c 0.4% reduction Glycemic Control
HOMA-IR 28% improvement Insulin Resistance

Constitution-based personalized herbal medicine is effective in improving glycemic control and insulin resistance in prediabetes.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Effect of Personalized Herbal Prescriptions on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Prediabetic Patients

Kang SY, Yoo JH, Lee BJ, et al. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)
90 subjects Participants
HbA1c 0.4% reduction Glycemic Control
HOMA-IR 28% improvement Insulin Resistance

Summary

Ninety patients with prediabetes were divided into a personalized herbal medicine group and a lifestyle modification control group and observed for 16 weeks. Fasting glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR significantly improved in the herbal group.

Key Conclusion

Constitution-based personalized herbal medicine is effective in improving glycemic control and insulin resistance in prediabetes.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Gut Microbiota Changes and Therapeutic Effect of Constitution-Tailored Herbal Treatment for Chronic Constipation

Oh SJ, Kim JE, Park DI, et al.

Gut Microbes (2024)

70 subjects Participants
Bowel frequency 2.8-fold increase Defecation Improvement
Increased microbial diversity Gut Environment Improvement

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine can effectively treat chronic constipation by improving the gut microbial environment.

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RCT Digestive Disorders

Gut Microbiota Changes and Therapeutic Effect of Constitution-Tailored Herbal Treatment for Chronic Constipation

Oh SJ, Kim JE, Park DI, et al. Gut Microbes (2024)
70 subjects Participants
Bowel frequency 2.8-fold increase Defecation Improvement
Increased microbial diversity Gut Environment Improvement

Summary

Seventy patients with chronic constipation received constitution-tailored herbal medicine, and gut microbiota composition and bowel habits were observed for 8 weeks. Gut microbial diversity increased after herbal administration, and bowel movement frequency significantly increased.

Key Conclusion

Constitution-tailored herbal medicine can effectively treat chronic constipation by improving the gut microbial environment.

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Before-After Digestive Disorders

Effect of Herbal Medicine on Intestinal Barrier Permeability in Patients with Digestive Disorders

Go HY, Park YC, Shin NR, et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2025)

38% Permeability Reduction
40 subjects Participants

Herbal medicine corrects increased intestinal permeability and improves the underlying pathophysiology of digestive disorders.

View Source 2025
Before-After Digestive Disorders

Effect of Herbal Medicine on Intestinal Barrier Permeability in Patients with Digestive Disorders

Go HY, Park YC, Shin NR, et al. Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2025)
38% Permeability Reduction
40 subjects Participants

Summary

Forty patients with IBS and functional dyspepsia received herbal medicine for 8 weeks, and intestinal permeability was assessed using the lactulose-mannitol test. The intestinal permeability index decreased by 38% after herbal treatment, indicating normalization of barrier function.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine corrects increased intestinal permeability and improves the underlying pathophysiology of digestive disorders.

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Systematic Review Digestive Disorders

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment for Functional Abdominal Pain in Children: A Systematic Review

Choi SH, Lee JA, Kim AR, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

11 studies Number of Reviewed Studies
73% Abdominal Pain Reduction Rate

Korean medicine treatment is effective for pediatric functional abdominal pain and is suitable for pediatric patients with fewer side effects.

View Source 2023
Systematic Review Digestive Disorders

Effect of Korean Medicine Treatment for Functional Abdominal Pain in Children: A Systematic Review

Choi SH, Lee JA, Kim AR, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
11 studies Number of Reviewed Studies
73% Abdominal Pain Reduction Rate

Summary

The effect of Korean medicine treatment (herbal medicine, acupuncture, pediatric chuna) for pediatric functional abdominal pain was systematically analyzed across 11 studies. The abdominal pain frequency reduction rate of the Korean medicine treatment group was superior to the Western medicine control group.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine treatment is effective for pediatric functional abdominal pain and is suitable for pediatric patients with fewer side effects.

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Cross-Sectional Digestive Disorders

Drug Interaction Safety Evaluation of Herbal Medicines Used in Digestive Diseases

Ku BC, Won JH, Song MY, et al.

Phytomedicine (2022)

8 types Number of Reviewed Prescriptions
97% Safety Rate

Korean medicine digestive prescriptions have a low risk of interactions with major Western medicines and are safe for concurrent use.

View Source 2022
Cross-Sectional Digestive Disorders

Drug Interaction Safety Evaluation of Herbal Medicines Used in Digestive Diseases

Ku BC, Won JH, Song MY, et al. Phytomedicine (2022)
8 types Number of Reviewed Prescriptions
97% Safety Rate

Summary

Drug interactions of 8 herbal medicine prescriptions frequently used in digestive diseases with Western medicines were evaluated by CYP450 enzyme analysis and clinical monitoring. No clinically significant drug interactions were observed in most prescriptions.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine digestive prescriptions have a low risk of interactions with major Western medicines and are safe for concurrent use.

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